Figure 4.

Expression of ATF4 and DDIT3 (CHOP) is induced in HCV-related cirrhosis. Total mRNA was isolated from liver tissues obtained from patients with chronic liver diseases and the expression levels of ATF4 (A) and DDIT3 mRNA (B) were determined by qPCR and compared. Patient characteristics are in Table 1. The relative expression of the genes was normalized based on the expression of 18S mRNA. A t-test was performed to compare the means and the asterisks represent the p value as follows *** ˂0.0006 and * ˂0.04. n.s = non-significant, (p values > 0.05 are considered not statistically significant).