Table 4.
Outcomes at 24-month and 36-month follow-up
| Outcomes | 24 months | 36 months | ||||||
| Control n/N (%) or mean (SD), N | Intervention n/N (%) or mean (SD), N (%) | Unadjusted OR or MD (95% CI), p value | Adjusted OR or MD (95% CI), p value | Control n/N (%) or mean (SD) | Intervention n/N (%) or mean (SD), N (%) | Unadjusted OR or MD (95% CI), p value | Adjusted OR or MD (95% CI), p value | |
| Cyberbullying victimisation | 443/3116 (14.2%) | 340/2993 (11.4%) | OR=0.79 (0.63 to 0.99), 0.041 |
OR=0.77 (0.61 to 0.98), 0.035 |
347/2987 (11.6%) | 266/2754 (9.7%) | OR=0.83 (0.65 to 1.05), 0.121 |
OR=0.80 (0.62 to 1.05), 0.110 |
| Cyberbullying perpetration | 257/3112 (8.3%) | 229/2984 (7.7%) | OR=0.93 (0.71 to 1.21), 0.572 |
OR=0.90 (0.67 to 1.19), 0.450 |
287/3008 (9.5%) | 193/2766 (7.0%) | OR=0.66 (0.51 to 0.87), 0.003 |
OR=0.65 (0.48 to 0.88), 0.005 |
| Perceived lack of school safety | 543/3106 (17.5%) | 568/2944 (7.7%) | OR=1.39 (1.11 to 1.74), 0.004 |
OR=1.39 (1.10 to 1.75), 0.006 |
601/2919 (20.6%) | 532/2682 (19.8%) | OR=1.08 (0.86 to 1.36), 0.495 |
OR=1.05 (0.83 to 1.34), 0.440 |
| Student-reported observations of other students perpetrating aggressive behaviours at school | 2.43 (1.65), 3179 | 2.12 (1.71), 3063 | MD=−0.05 (−0.14 to 0.05), 0.344 |
MD=−0.08 (−0.18 to 0.01), 0.096 |
2.23 (1.77), 3069 | 2.07 (1.76), 2834 | MD=0.11 (0.01 to 0.20), 0.030 |
MD=0.10 (0.00 to 0.20), 0.049 |
| Perpetration of aggressive behaviours in/outside school | 0.10 (0.44), 3149 | 0.08 (0.39), 3017 | MD=−0.014 (−0.037 to 0.009), 0.229 | MD=−0.009 (−0.034 to 0.015), 0.456 | 0.12 (0.50), 3023 | 0.09 (0.43), 2778 | MD=−0.030 (−0.054 to −0.007), 0.012 |
MD=−0.031 (−0.056 to −0.006), 0.016 |
| Participation in school disciplinary procedures | 2.74 (3.28), 3128 | 2.36 (3.12), 3009 | MD=−0.222 (−0.375 to −0.069), 0.004 | MD=−0.160 (−0.320 to 0), 0.043 | 2.55 (3.21), 3017 | 2.15 (2.94), 2757 | MD=−0.326 (−0.484 to −0.169), <0.001 | MD=−0.320 (−0.480 to −0.150), <0.001 |
| Truancy | 340/3088 (11.0%) | 299/2961 (10.1%) | OR=0.93 (0.72 to 1.20), 0.582 |
OR=0.92 (0.70 to 1.21), 0.551 |
426/2981 (14.3%) | 294/2750 (10.7%) | OR=0.66 (0.51 to 0.85), 0.001 |
OR=0.64 (0.49 to 0.84), 0.001 |
| E-cigarette use | 558/3061 (18.2%) | 352/2913 (12.1%) | OR=0.62 (0.45 to 0.86), 0.004 |
OR=0.60 (0.43 to 0.83), 0.002 |
630/2946 (21.4%) | 394/2692 (14.6%) | OR=0.60 (0.44 to 0.83), 0.002 |
OR=0.59 (0.42 to 0.82), 0.002 |