| CFU | colony forming unit |
| CPS | capsular polysaccharide |
| CR | colonization resistance |
| GBS | Guillain-Barré syndrome |
| IBD | inflammatory bowel disease |
| IBS | irritable bowel syndrome |
| IFN | interferon |
| Ig | immunoglobulin |
| IL | interleukin |
| Kdo | β-linked 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid |
| LOS | lipooligosaccharide |
| LPS | lipopolysaccharide |
| MCP-1 | monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 |
| MFS | Miller-Fisher syndrome |
| MIC | minimum inhibitory concentration |
| MLN | mesenteric lymph nodes |
| mRNA | messenger ribonucleic acid |
| mTOR | mammalian target of rapamycin |
| mTORC | mTOR complex |
| mg | milligram |
| MAPK | mitogen-activated protein kinase |
| MyD88 | Myeloid differentiation primary response 88 |
| ng | nanogram |
| NF-κB | nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells |
| NOD2 | nucleotide-oligonucleotide-domain 2 |
| pDCs | plasmacytoid dendritic cells |
| PI3K-γ | phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-γ |
| SIGIRR | Single Ig IL-1-related receptor |
| SPF | Specific pathogen-free |
| T6SS | type VI secretion system |
| TIR | toll-Interleukin receptor domain |
| TLR | Toll-like receptor |
| TNF | tumor necrosis factor |
| TRAM | TRIF-related adapter molecule |
| TRIF | TIR-domain-containing adapter inducing interferon-β |