Figure 1.

Virus-induced aggresome formation. The activation of the aggresome pathway is the result of an overwhelmed or blocked proteasomal degradation pathway. Aggresomes are formed around the MTOC at the perinuclear region of the cell by active minus-end-directed transport of proteins to the vimentin cage. HDAC6 is important for the aggregation of viral and or cellular misfolded/ubiquitinated proteins at the MTOC. These proteins are connected to dynein, a motor protein, and to HDAC6, a linker molecule with deacetylase activity. The aggresomes formed are cleared by an autophagosome–lysosome fusion event called aggrephagy. HDAC6, histone deacetylase 6, MTOC, microtubule organizing center, ER, endoplasmic reticulum. Figure adapted from [30]. Figure was drawn on smart.servier.com.