FIG. 1.
The phenotype and characteristic of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Diabetic cardiomyopathy phenotype caused by metabolic co-morbidities (obesity/diabetes and hypertension) is characterized by left ventricle hypertrophy (wall thickening and smaller cavity), fibrosis, and diastolic dysfunction; this is defined as increased resistance to filling and is diagnosed by doppler echo when the E/A waves ratio is reduced (<1). Color images are available online.