Table 2.
Primary and Secondary Outcomes Comparing Infants Fed a Human Milk-Derived Fortifier Versus Cow's-Milk Derived Fortifier
| Parameter | HMDF (n = 82) | CMDF (n = 32) | pa |
|---|---|---|---|
| NEC (Bell Stage 2 or greater) | 3/82 (3.7%) | 5/32 (15.6%) | 0.038 |
| NEC surgery or deathb | 3/82 (3.7%) | 6/32 (18.8%) | 0.014 |
| Surgical NECb | 1/82 (1.2%) | 3/32 (9.4%) | 0.066 |
| Deathb | 3/82 (3.7%) | 4/32 (12.5%) | 0.096 |
| BPD | 24/82 (29.3%) | 11/32 (34.4%) | 0.60 |
| Ventilator days | Median 9.5 | Median 15.5 | 0.56 |
| IQR = 0.75, 41.25 | IQR = 1, 50.25 | ||
| ROP (grade 3 or 4) | 6/82 (7.3%) | 2/32 (6.3%) | 1.0 |
a
Chi-square/Fisher's exact test for categorical variables; for ventilator days, Wilcoxon's test.
b
Note that for the index “NEC surgery or death” there are three versus six cases in the HMDF and CMDF groups; this is one less in each group than the sum of NEC surgery and death when shown individually. This is because in each diet group, one case had both NEC surgery and death (not counted twice in the index).
BPD, bronchopulmonary dysplasia; CMDF, cow's milk-derived fortifier; HMDF, human milk-derived fortifier; ROP, retinopathy of prematurity.