Table 1:
Baseline Characteristics of Participants in the Jackson Heart Study by CES-D < versus ≥ 16
| Baseline Characteristics* | <16(n=2112) | ≥16(n=558) | Total (n=2670) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 53.8 (12.4) | 51.8 (13.0) | 53.4 (12.5) | 0.001 |
| Sex (female) | 1335 (63%) | 414 (74%) | 1749 (66%) | <.001 |
| High school or greater education (yes) | 1857 (88%) | 452 (81%) | 2309 (86%) | <.001 |
| Management/Professional occupation (yes) | 948 (45%) | 153 (27%) | 1101 (41%) | <.001 |
| Smoking status (yes) | 191 (9%) | 94 (17%) | 285 (11%) | <.001 |
| Physical activity | <.001 | |||
| Poor | 900 (43%) | 286 (51%) | 1186 (44%) | |
| Intermediate | 722 (34%) | 191 (34%) | 913 (34%) | |
| Ideal | 490 (23%) | 81 (15%) | 571 (21%) | |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 99.7 (16.1) | 101.4 (16.9) | 100.1 (16.3) | 0.033 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 100.5 (52.7) | 104.6 (61.4) | 101.3 (54.7) | 0.113 |
| High-density lipoprotein (mg/dL) | 52.2 (14.6) | 51.9 (13.9) | 52.1 (14.4) | 0.661 |
| Low-density lipoprotein (mg/dL) | 127.7 (35.8) | 121.3 (35.4) | 126.4 (35.8) | <.001 |
| Triglyceride/HDL ratio† | 1.7 (1,2.7) | 1.8 (1,2.8) | 1.7 (1,2.7) | 0.605 |
| Hemoglobin A1c (%) | 5.8 (1.1) | 5.9 (1.2) | 5.8 (1.1) | 0.401 |
| Heart rate | 63.8 (10) | 64.7 (10.5) | 64 (10.2) | 0.062 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 125.9 (15.7) | 126.1 (16.3) | 125.9 (15.8) | 0.739 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 76 (8.5) | 76.3 (8.5) | 76 (8.5) | 0.446 |
| High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (mg/L)† | 0.25 (0.1,0.5) | 0.33 (0.1,0.7 | ) 0.26 (0.1,0.6) | <.001 |
| Cortisol (ug/dL) | 9.6 (4) | 9.4 (4) | 9.6 (4) | 0.309 |
| Plasma aldosterone (ng/dL)† | 4.5 (3, 7.3) | 4.1 (2, 7.4) | 4.4 (3, 7.3) | 0.062 |
| Allostatic load metabolic Z-score | −0.02(0.6) | −0.02 (0.6) | −0.02 (0.6) | 0.976 |
| Allostatic load cardiovascular Z-score | −0.04 (0.7) | 0.01 (0.7) | −0.03 (0.7) | 0.147 |
| Allostatic load immune Z-score | −0.06 (1) | 0.14 (1) | −0.01 (1) | <.001 |
| Allostatic load neuroendocrine Z-score | −0.007 (0.8) | −0.07 (0.8) | −0.02 (0.8 | 0.110 |
| Allostatic load meta-factor Z-score | −0.03 (0.5) | 0.01 (0.5) | −0.02 (0.5) | 0.038 |
| Incident coronary heart disease (yes) | 75 (4%) | 31 (6%) | 106 (4%) | 0.031 |
Note: p values of <0.05 considered statistically significant
*
Mean (SD) or percentages are listed, p-values calculated using chi-square (categorical variables) and two sample t-test (parametric continuous variables)
†
Median (IQR), p-values calculated using Wilcoxon two sample nonparametric test (nonparametric continuous variables)