Table II.
Parameter | Initial results Mean value ± SD | After 1 h of activity Mean value ± SD | After 2 h of activity Mean value ± SD | After 3 h of activity Mean value ± SD | Final results (after 4 h of activity) Mean value ± SD | Statistical significance |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Time to complete [s] | 92 ±23 | 91 ±24 | 90 ±22 | 94 ±24 | 97 ±25 | Initial vs. 2 h, p = 0.036 2 h vs. final, p = 0.032 Initial vs. final, p = 0.028 |
Instrument collision | 0.88 ±30 | 0.89 ±28 | 0.85 ±32 | 0.89 ±30 | 0.95 ±32 | Initial vs. 2 h, p = 0.032 2 h vs. final, p = 0.034 Initial vs. final, p = 0.041 |
Excessive force applied to instruments | 0.07 ±0.01 | 0.06 ±0.01 | 0.05 ±0.02 | 0.09 ±0.01 | 0.1 ±0.01 | Initial vs. 2 h, p = 0.034 2 h vs. final, p = 0.032 Initial vs. final, p = 0.047 |
Instruments out of view | 0.32 ±0.05 | 0.29 ±0.04 | 0.27 ±0.06 | 0.34 ±0.05 | 0.35 ±0.06 | Initial vs. 2 h, p = 0.042 2 h vs. final, p = 0.039 Initial vs. final, p = 0.045 |
Economy of motion [cm] | 145 ±38 | 134 ±42 | 135 ±46 | 146 ±44 | 156 ±47 | Initial vs. 2 h, p = 0.038 2 h vs. final, p = 0.039 Initial vs. final, p = 0.042 |
Drops | 0.20 ±0.04 | 0.21 ±0.06 | 0.18 ±0.06 | 0.22 ±0.07 | 0.37 ±0.05 | Initial vs. 2 h, p = 0.029 2 h vs. final, p = 0.034 Initial vs. final, p = 0.038 |
Master workspace | 9 ±2 | 8 ±1 | 8 ±2 | 10 ±3 | 12 ±3 | Initial vs. 2 h, p = 0.042 2 h vs. final, p = 0.041 Initial vs. final, p = 0.038 |
Bold values for statistically significant values; NS – no statistical significance.