Table III.
Paramter | Initial results Mean value ± SD | After 1 h of activity Mean value ± SD | After 2 h of activity Mean value ± SD | After 3 h of activity Mean value ± SD | Final results (after 4 h of activity) Mean value ± SD | Statistical significance |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Time to complete [s] | 102 ±21 | 99 ±17 | 96 ±23 | 105 ±25 | 120 ±23 | Initial vs. 2 h, p = 0.028 2 h vs. final, p = 0.043 Initial vs. final, p = 0.035 |
Economy of motion [cm] | 157 ±26 | 153 ±28 | 148 ±29 | 159 ±31 | 169 ±30 | Initial vs. 2 h, p = 0.027 2 h vs. final, p = 0.026 Initial vs. final, p = 0.042 |
Instrument collision | 0.5 ±0.1 | 0.3 ±0.07 | 0.4 ±0.08 | 0.5 ±0.08 | 0.6 ±0.09 | Initial vs. 2 h, p > 0.05 – NS 2 h vs. final, p > 0.05 – NS Initial vs. final, p > 0.05 – NS |
Excessive force | 0.26 ±0.04 | 0.23 ±0.07 | 0.21 ±0.06 | 0.29 ±0.04 | 0.34 ±0.03 | Initial vs. 2 h, p = 0.034 2 h vs. final, p = 0.032 Initial vs. final, p = 0.036 |
Instruments out of view | 0.2 ±0.02 | 0.1 ±0.05 | 0.2 ±0.04 | 0.4 ±0.04 | 0.5 ±0.05 | Initial vs. 2 h, p > 0.05 – NS 2 h vs. final, p = 0.038 Initial vs. final, p = 0.037 |
Misapplied energy time | 6.1 ±1.2 | 5.8 ±1.4 | 5.7 ±1.2 | 6.4 ±1.2 | 6.5 ±1.1 | Initial vs. 2 h, p > 0.05 – NS 2 h vs. final, p > 0.05 – NS Initial vs. final, p > 0.05 – NS |
Master workspace | 14.9 ±3.2 | 14.4 ±3.1 | 13.9 ±3.4 | 14.6 ±3.3 | 16.2 ±3.1 | Initial vs. 2 h, p = 0.032 2 h vs. final, p = 0.029 Initial vs. final, p = 0.036 |
Bold values for statistically significant values; NS – no statistical significance.