Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the population in each experimental group.
| CDpD-CDnD-control 16S rDNA V4 sequencing analysis | CDpD subgroups 16S rDNA V4 sequencing analysis | CDpD-CDnD-control genome sequencing analysis | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
CDpD (N = 58) |
CDnD (N = 33) |
Control (N = 21) |
P |
A+B+ (N = 34) |
A−B+ (N = 7) |
A−B− (N = 17) |
P |
CDpD (N = 5) |
CDnD (N = 4) |
Control (N = 5) |
P | ||
| Age | Mean (SD) | 55.3 (15.9) | 58.8 (15.6) | 36.6 (9.5) | <0.001 | 56.8 (17.3) | 54.4 (10.1) | 52.6 (15.3) | 0.684 | 54.2 (21.4) | 72.0 (11.7) | 38.8 (13) | 0.035 |
| CDpD vs. CDnD | 0.276 | A+B+ vs. A−B+ | 0.728 | CDpD vs. CDnD | 0.132 | ||||||||
| CDpD vs. Control | <0.001 | A+B+ vs. A−B− | 0.392 | CDpD vs. Control | 0.164 | ||||||||
| CDnD vs. Control | <0.001 | A−B+ vs. A−B− | 0.806 | CDnD vs. Control | 0.011 | ||||||||
| Gender | Female | 14 (24.1%) | 14 (42.4%) | 8 (38.1%) | 0.162 | 10 (29.4%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (23.5%) | 0.253 | 3 (60%) | 2 (50%) | 0 (0%) | 0.151 |
| Male | 44 (75.9%) | 19 (57.6%) | 13 (61.9%) | 24 (70.6%) | 7 (100%) | 13 (76.5%) | 2 (40%) | 2 (50%) | 5 (100%) | ||||
| Inpatient days | Mean (SD) | 29.4 (18.9) | 27.2 (17.2) | NA | 0.577 | 31.1 (20.4) | 27.4 (11.4) | 26.9 (18.6) | 0.738 | 23.4 (19.8) | 39.3 (7.7) | NA | 0.157 |
| A+B+ vs. A−B+ | 0.649 | ||||||||||||
| A+B+ vs. A−B− | 0.471 | ||||||||||||
| A−B+ vs. A−B− | 0.955 | ||||||||||||
| With diabetes | Yes | 9 (15.5%) | 2 (6.06%) | NA | 0.183 | 6 (17.6%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (17.6%) | 0.481 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | NA | NA |
| With cancer | Yes | 6 (10.3%) | 4 (12.1%) | NA | 0.794 | 3 (8.82%) | 1 (14.3%) | 2 (11.8%) | 0.844 | 0 (0%) | 1 (25%) | NA | 0.444 |
| With hematopathy | Yes | 2 (3.45%) | 0 (0%) | NA | 0.533 | 2 (5.88%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0.650 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | NA | NA |
| With respiration failure | Yes | 7 (12.1%) | 4 (12.1%) | NA | 0.994 | 4 (11.8%) | 2 (28.6%) | 1 (5.88%) | 0.285 | 0 (0%) | 1 (25%) | NA | 0.444 |
| With renal insufficiency | Yes | 5 (8.62%) | 3 (9.09%) | NA | 0.939 | 4 (11.8%) | 1 (14.3%) | 0 (0%) | 0.295 | 1 (20%) | 1 (25%) | NA | 1.00 |
| With tuberculosis | Yes | 0 (0%) | 1 (3.03%) | NA | 0.363 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | NA | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | NA | NA |
| Antibiotics usage | Yes | 39 (67.2%) | 8 (24.2%) | NA | <0.001 | 29 (85.3%) | 5 (71.4%) | 5 (29.4%) | <0.001 | 5 (100%) | 1 (25%) | NA | 0.048 |
| Immunosuppressant usage | Yes | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | NA | NA | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | NA | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | NA | NA |
| Glucocorticoids usage | Yes | 5 (8.62%) | 0 (0%) | NA | 0.083 | 3 (8.82%) | 2 (28.6%) | 0 (0%) | 0.085 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | NA | NA |
| Surgery before diarrheal | Yes | 27 (46.6%) | 17 (51.5%) | NA | 0.649 | 13 (38.2%) | 4 (57.1%) | 10 (58.8%) | 0.318 | 5 (100%) | 2 (50%) | NA | 0.167 |
CDpD, Clostridium difficile-positive diarrhea; CDnD, C. difficile-negative diarrhea; SD, standard deviation; NA, not applicable. Antibiotics usage, exposure to antibiotics within 1 month before diarrheal; Immunosuppressant usage, exposure to immunosuppressant within 1 month before diarrheal; Glucocorticoids usage, exposure to Glucocorticoids within 1 month before diarrheal; Surgery before diarrheal, acceptance of surgery before diarrheal.