Table A.8.
(a): Concentration at the target site | (b): KE1c (c): Inhibition of C I | (d): KE2c (e): Mitochondrial dysfunction | (f): KE3c (g): Impaired proteostasis | (h): KE4 (i): Degeneration of DA neurons of nigrostriatal pathway | (j): AO (k): Parkinsonian motor symptoms |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
5–10 nM in‐vitro [1] |
+ 4–72 h [1] |
+ 4–72 h [4] |
+ 24 h [3] |
– | – |
20–30 nM ex‐vivo, rat brain concentration [4–5–2–6] |
++ 4–72 h (4–5) |
++ 4–72 h [4–5] |
++ 24 h [3–2–6] |
++a 5 weeks [2–6] |
+++b 5 weeks [2–6] |
100 nM in‐vitro [4] |
+++ 4–72 h [4] |
+++ 4–72 h [4] |
+++ 24 h [3] |
Above the maximum tolerated dose [2–6] | Above the maximum tolerated dose [2–6] |
References: Choi et al., 2008 [1]; Betarbet et al., 2006 [2]; Chou et al., 2010 [3]; Barrientos and Moraes 1999 [4]; Okun et al., 1999 [5]; Betarbet et al., 2000 [6].
–: No data available.
+: Low severity score, ++ intermediate severity score, +++ high severity score.
50% of treated animals showed loss of DA neurons in SNpc.
All animals affected in KE4 showed impaired motor symptoms.
KE 1, 2 and 3 showed a dose‐related severity in the effect and the score ++ was normalised vs. the KE4.