Table 2.
Pooled ORs and Absolute Risks of Unfavorable Outcomes, According to PPI Regimen, in Patients with High-Risk Stigmata Who Had Endoscopic Therapy
| Studies | Active Treatment, n/N (%) | Control, n/N (%) | OR (95% CI)* | Absolute Effect, per 1000 Persons (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PPIs vs. placebo or H2RAs | ||||
| Deaths: 1 SR and MA (update of reference 81); 10 RCTs | 24/1202 (2.0) | 43/1220 (3.5) | 0.56 (0.34 to 0.94) | −15 (−23 to −2) |
| Rebleeds: 1 SR and MA (update of reference 81); 12 RCTs | 88/1269 (6.9) | 169/1277 (13.2) | 0.43 (0.29 to 0.63) | −71 (−90 to −45) |
| High-dose vs. non-high-dose PPIs | ||||
| Deaths: 1 SR and MA (update of reference 82); 15 RCTs | 28/1042 (2.7) | 27/1027 (2.6) | 1.02 (0.59 to 1.76) | 1 (−11 to +20) |
| Rebleeds: 1 SR and MA (update of reference 82); 17 RCTs | 126/1175 (10.7) | 107/1191 (9.0) | 1.25 (0.93 to 1.66) | 20 (−6 to +51) |
| High-dose vs. oral PPIs | ||||
| Deaths: 1 SR and MA (update of reference 81); 3 RCTs | 0/117 (0) | 2/116 (1.7) | 0.31 (0.04 to 2.93) | −12 (−17 to +33) |
| Rebleeds: 1 SR and MA (update of reference 81); 4 RCTs | 16/235 (6.8) | 15/242 (6.2) | 1.09 (0.54 to 2.17) | 6 (−29 to +72) |
OR = odds ratio; H2RA = H2-receptor antagonist; MA = meta-analysis; PPI = proton-pump inhibitor; RCT = randomized controlled trial; SR = systematic review.
*
Boldface signifies statistically significant results.