Table 3.
Subgroup analyses for risk of total CVD according to olive oil intake
| Adjusted HR (95% CI) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subgroup | NHS | P for interaction | HPFS | P for interaction | Pooled | P for interaction |
| Age | ||||||
| Younger (< 65 years) | 0.83 (0.74, 0.92) | 0.01 | 0.94 (0.85, 1.04) | 0.82 | 0.90 (0.85, 0.97) | 0.54 |
| Older (≥ 65 years) | 0.97 (0.93, 1.01) | 0.93 (0.88, 0.98) | 0.95 (0.92, 0.99) | |||
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | ||||||
| <25 | 0.95 (0.91, 0.98) | 0.46 | 0.94 (0.88, 1.00) | 0.80 | 0.94 (0.90, 1.00) | 0.80 |
| ≥25 | 0.94 (0.89, 0.99) | 0.93 (0.86, 1.00) | 0.94 (0.88, 0.98) | |||
| Family history of myocardial infarction | ||||||
| No | 0.97 (0.92, 1.01) | 0.04 | 0.95 (0.89, 1.01) | 0.11 | 0.96 (0.91, 1.01) | 0.08 |
| Yes | 0.88 (0.81, 0.96) | 0.89 (0.82, 0.97) | 0.89 (0.82, 0.96) | |||
| Ancestry | ||||||
| Southern European/Mediterranean | 0.95 (0.90, 0.99) | 0.95 | 0.93 (0.87, 0.98) | 0.71 | 0.94 (0.90, 0.98) | 0.82 |
| Other ancestry | 0.94 (0.87, 1.02) | 0.93 (0.85, 1.01) | 0.94 (0.86, 1.01) | |||
| AHEI | ||||||
| Below median | 0.96 (0.90, 1.02) | 0.88 | 0.91 (0.83, 0.99) | 0.72 | 0.94 (0.90, 0.99) | 0.59 |
| Above median | 0.94 (0.89, 0.99) | 0.95 (0.89, 1.01) | 0.95 (0.89, 0.99) | |||
| AMED | ||||||
| Below median | 0.93 (0.87, 1.00) | 0.48 | 0.92 (0.85, 1.00) | 0.92 | 0.92 (0.87, 1.00) | 0.29 |
| Above median | 0.95 (0.90, 1.00) | 0.94 (0.88, 1.00) | 0.95 (0.90, 1.00) | |||
| Total vegetable intake | ||||||
| Below median | 0.94 (0.88, 0.99) | 0.42 | 0.88 (0.79, 0.96) | 0.21 | 0.92 (0.85, 0.97) | 0.12 |
| Above median | 0.95 (0.91, 1.00) | 0.96 (0.90, 1.02) | 0.96 (0.91, 1.00) | |||
| Green vegetable intake | ||||||
| Below median | 0.96 (0.90, 1.02) | 0.64 | 0.90 (0.82, 0.99) | 0.30 | 0.94 (0.90, 1.00) | 0.48 |
| Above median | 0.93 (0.88, 0.98) | 0.96 (0.90, 1.02) | 0.93 (0.89, 0.98) | |||
| Lettuce intake | ||||||
| Below median | 0.97 (0.91, 1.03) | 0.48 | 0.91 (0.83, 1.00) | 0.27 | 0.95 (0.90, 1.00) | 0.80 |
| Above median | 0.93 (0.88, 0.98) | 0.96 (0.91, 1.02) | 0.95 (0.91, 0.98) | |||
Results are expressed as hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). HRs for 5g increase in olive oil intake in each subgroup category. Abbreviations: AHEI, Alternative Healthy Eating Index Score; AMED, Alternate Mediterranean Diet; HPFS, Health Professionals- Follow-up Study; NHS, Nurses’ Health Study, HPFS, Health Professionals Follow-up Study. Multivariable model was adjusted for age, ethnicity (white, non-white), Southern European/Mediterranean ancestry, smoking status (never, former, current smoker 1-14 cigarettes per day, 15-24 cigarettes per day, or ≥ 25 cigarettes per day), alcohol intake (0, 0.1-4.9,5.0-9.9,10.0-14.9, and ≥ 15.0 g/d), physical activity (<3.0,3.0-8.9,9.0-17.9,18.0-26.9,≥27.00 metabolic equivalent task-h/week), family history of diabetes, family history of myocardial infarction, family history of cancer, baseline diabetes mellitus, baseline hypertension or antihypertensive medication use, baseline hypercholesterolemia or cholesterol-lowering medication use, multivitamin use, aspirin use, in women postmenopausal status and menopausal hormone use, total energy intake, BMI, red meat, fruits and vegetables, nuts, soda, whole grains intake (in quintiles), and trans fat. No adjustment for multiple testing were made for this results.