Table 1. Contents of the questionnaire.
| 1. Factors related to activities (including demographics) |
| ① Years of experience after acquiring nursing license (open-ended) ② Years of experience after acquiring CNS or CN qualifications (open-ended) ③ The presence or absence of other CNSs and CNs working in the same institution (open-ended) |
| ④ Working system (multiple answers)1 (palliative care team, cancer consultation and support center, outpatient chemotherapy room, radiotherapy room, outpatient department, ward department) |
| ⑤ Position (open-ended) |
| ⑥ Lecturer for study group or training (frequently and regularly; yes, but not that frequently; no) |
| ⑦ Experienced the launch of a department or patient group (yes, no) |
| ⑧ Opportunity for cross-departmental activities1 (always; not always, but regularly; never) |
| ⑨ Opportunity for exchange with CNSs and CNs in other institutions (regularly; yes, but not regularly; never) |
| ⑩ Positive evaluation from senior staff (yes, sometimes, never) ⑪Appropriate staff allocation |
| 2. Factors related to facilities |
| ① Type of hospital (prefectural cancer center hospital, regional cooperation cancer center hospital, cancer center hospital designated by prefecture, community hospital, other) |
| ② Bed capacity (0 to 199, 200 to 499, ≥ 500, other) |
| ③ Publicize information about the existence of CNSs and CNs among community members and the public (yes, no) |
| ④ Service system in the following four departments pertaining to cancer(chemotherapy room, palliative care team, cancer consultation and support center, radiotherapy room) |
| ⑤ Additional medical service compensation for cancer (palliative care practice addition, cancer patient counseling charges, outpatient palliative care management charges, cancer pain palliation instruction charges) |
| ⑥ Implementation of cancer care in the institution (based on the requirements of designated cancer centers and hospitals) |
| ⑦ Positive evaluation of CNS and CN development in the institution (always, sometimes, never) |
| 3. Factors related to the cancer care team |
| ① Coordination among multiple healthcare professionals (always, sometimes, never) |
| ② Independent activities2 (always, sometimes, never) |
| ③ Availability of conferences (times per week) ④ Job type (pharmacist, medical social worker, nutritionist, physical therapist, occupational therapist, speech therapist, clinical psychologist) |
Regarding department affiliations, if individuals were involved with two or more affiliations concurrently, they were instructed to choose multiple answers.
Refers to the ability to fulfill one’s role without interference from others.