Table 2.

Description of features used for classification, along with mean and SD for females and males

Featurea	Female mean and range	Female SD	Male mean and range	Male SD
Note 6 maximum frequency (kHz)	9.3	1.8	11.8	1.2
	(6.2–12.8)		(7.6–13.5)
Note 5 maximum frequency (kHz)	9.6	1.8	11.8	1.1
	(6.2–13.4)		(7.9–13.7)
Note 4 maximum frequency (kHz)	10.2	1.6	11.8	1.2
	(6.9–13.8)		(7.9–13.7)
Note 5 minimum frequency (kHz)	6.8	0.7	6.8	0.8
	(5.6–8.5)		(5.1–9.8)
Note 6 minimum frequency (kHz)	6.6	0.6	6.7	0.7
	(5.3–8.9)		(5.1–9.1)
Note 3 maximum frequency (kHz)	10.8	1.4	11.9	1.0
	(8.2–14.2)		(8.7–13.8)
Note 2 maximum frequency (kHz)	11.5	1.5	11.9	1.2
	(9.3–14.6)		(7.4–13.8)
Note 1 maximum frequency (kHz)	12.0	1.5	11.8	1.2
	(9.3–15.2)		(8.7–13.5)
Number of notes in a phrase	14.78	6.72	18.36	9.48
	(6–41)		(6–48)
Note 4 minimum frequency (kHz)	7.0	0.5	6.7	0.8
	(5.9–8.6)		(5.0–10.4)
Note 3 minimum frequency (kHz)	7.1	0.6	6927	0.9
	(6.4–8.8)		(5.0–11.0)
Note 2 minimum frequency (kHz)	7.3	0.7	6.6	0.6
	(6.4–9.0)		(5.2–8.1)
Note 1 minimum frequency (kHz)	7.5	0.8	6.5	0.6
	(5.9–9.8)		(4.8–8.1)
Note 6 duration (s)	0.54	0.19	0.28	0.08
	(0.24–0.98)		(0.17–0.48)
Note 5 duration (s)	0.55	0.16	0.26	0.06
	(0.25–0.95)		(0.15–0.40)
Note 4 duration (s)	0.51	0.19	0.25	0.07
	(0.26–0.83)		(0.12–0.40)
Note 3 duration (s)	0.47	0.11	0.24	0.06
	(0.30–0.88)		(0.14–0.40)
Note rate (number of notes/duration [s] of phrase)	1.36	0.28	1.55	0.25
	(0.74–1.98)		(1.02–2.27)
Note 1 duration (s)	0.5	0.12	0.25	0.05
	(0.304–0.744)		(0.17–0.38)
Phrase duration (s)	12.31	6.84	12.18	6.81
	(4.02–36.77)		(3.09–35.93)
Note 2 duration (s)	0.46	0.11	0.25	0.06
	(0.28–0.71)		(0.14–0.40)

^aFeatures are ranked by their importance for classifying individual females.