Table 1.
Socio-demographic characteristics of study population according to place of residence
| Parameters | Total (n = 300) | Rural (n = 150) | Urban (n = 150) | P Value |
| Mothers characteristics | ||||
| Age (years)* | 30.0±5.6 | 29.6+6.1 | 30.4+5.6 | 0.186 |
| Family setting | 0.001 | |||
| Monogamy | 265 (88.3) | 119 (79.3) | 146 (97.3) | |
| Polygamy | 35 (11.7) | 31 20.7) | 4 (2.7) | |
| Parity | 0.001 | |||
| 1 | 83 (27.7) | 24 (16.0) | 59 (39.3) | |
| 2 | 183 (61.0) | 101 (67.3) | 82 (54.7) | |
| 5-7 | 34 (11.3) | 25 (16.7) | 9 (6.0) | |
| Age at first birth | 0.001 | |||
| 15-19 | 29 (9.7) | 22 (14.7) | 7 (4.7) | |
| 20-24 | 127 (42.3) | 77 (51.3) | 50 (33.6) | |
| 25-29 | 96 (32.0) | 41 (27.3) | 55 (36.9) | |
| 30-34 | 37 (12.3) | 5 (3.3) | 32 (21.3) | |
| 35-39 | 8 (2.7) | 3 (2.0) | 5 (3.4) | |
| Educational level of mother | 0.001 | |||
| No formal education | 4 (1.3) | 3 (2.0) | 1 (0.7) | |
| Primary | 72 (24.0) | 55 (36.7) | 17 (11.3) | |
| Secondary | 155 (51.7) | 79 (52.7) | 76 (50.7) | |
| Postsecondary | 69 (23.0) | 13 (8.7) | 56 (37.3) | |
| Social class* | 0.001 | |||
| Upper | 19 (6.3) | 0 (0.0) | 19 (12.7) | |
| Middle | 50 (16.7) | 15 (10.0) | 35 (23.3) | |
| Lower | 231 (77.0) | 135 (90.0) | 96 (64.0) | |
| Children characteristics | ||||
| Age (months)* | 25.3+16.4 | 31.3+16.4 | 19.3+4.0 | 0.001 |
| Sex | 0.248 | |||
| Male | 142 (47.3) | 66 (44.0) | 76 (50.7) | |
| Female | 158 (52.7) | 84 (56.0) | 74 (49.3) | |
| Birth order | 0.000 | |||
| 1 | 118 (39.3) | 39 (26.0) | 79 (52.7) | |
| 2-4 | 161 (53.6) | 87 (64.7) | 64 (42.7) | |
| 5-7 | 21 (7.0) | 14 (9.3) | 7 (4.7) | |
Values are number (%) unless otherwise stated; *values are mean ± SD. #Upper social class includes parents such as senior government employee, high scale traders, and professionals, middle class include junior government employee, teachers and technicians while lower social class are peasant farmers, artisans, security agents, messengers, apprentice, laborers and the unemployed.