Table 4. Performance of PCR Tests for the Detection of Bacterial Pathogens in HAP/VAP Patients.

country year	system	turnaround time	throughput in 24 h	footprint	number of samples	types of sample	sensitivity	specificity	authors/ref
USA 2018	Curetis Unyvero lower respiratory tract panel	5 h	10 samples	7.4 square feet	788	tracheal aspirate samples	92.5%	97.4%	Qi et al.59
Germany 2018	Curetis Unyvero P50 cartridge	5 h	10 samples	7.4 square feet	79	43 BAL fluids; 30 tracheal aspirates; 6 pleural fluids	73.1%	97.9%	Papan et al.60
UK 2016	Curetis Unyvero P50 cartridge				90	55 sputa; 32 endotracheal tubes aspirates; 3 BAL	>95%	33%	Personne et al.61
UK 2017	Curetis Unyvero P55 pneumonia cartridge	5 h	10 samples	7.4 square feet	85	52 sputa; 31 endotracheal tubes aspirate;1 BAL	88.8%	94.9%	Ozongwu et al.62
UK 2019	Curetis Unyvero P55 pneumonia cartridge				74	BAL	56.9%	58.5%	Gadsby et al.63
France 2019	BioFire FilmArray pneumonia panel	1.25 h	264 samples (FilmArray Torch)	4.25 square feet (or less, depending on number of modules)	63	not specified	93% positive agreement	95% negative agreement	Gastli et al.64
UK 2019	BioFire FilmArray, pneumonia panel and Curetis Unyvero pneumonia panel				634	sputa, endotracheal tube exudates, BAL	FilmArray: 89.2–99.3% Unyvero: 88.6–97.0%	FilmArray: 93.8–99.9% Unyvero: 99.2–99.9%	Enne et al.65
not quoted	BioFire FilmArray pneumonia panel				not quoted	sputa	96.3%	97.2%	data on file at BioFire Diagnostics (https://www.biofiredx.com/products/the-filmarray-panels/filmarray-pneumonia/)