Table 3.
Lab investigations in children with documented SARS-CoV-2 infection
| Author | N | Low WBC* | High WBC* | Lymphopenia/neutropenia* | Low Plt* | High Plt* | High CRP-PCT* | High CPK* | High transaminase* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lu [10] | 171 | 45 (26%) | 0 | 6 (3%) | NR | NR | 105 (61%) | NR | 25 (15%) |
| Wang [33] | 34 | 1 (3%) | 5 (16%) | 1 (3%) | NR | NR | 1 (3%) | NR | NR |
| Xia [34] | 20 | 4 (20%) | 2 (10%) | 7 (35%) | NR | NR | 16 (80%) | 5 (25%) | 5 (25%) |
| Liu [39] | 4 | 1 (25%) | 0 | 0 | NR | NR | 1 (25%) | NR | NR |
| Ji [41] | 2 | 0 | 1 (50%) | 0 | NR | NR | 1 (50%) | NR | NR |
| Liu [11] | 6 | 4 (67%) | 0 | 6 (100%) | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Zhou [42] | 9 | 0 | 2 (22%) | 0 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Li [40] | 5 | 0 | 2 (40%) | 0 | NR | NR | 1 | NR | NR |
| Sun [31] | 8 | 1 (12%) | 6 (75%) | 1 (12%) | 2 (25%) | 1 (12%) | 4 (50%) | 0 | 2 (25%) |
| Zheng [32] | 25 | NR | NR | 10 (40%) | NR | NR | NR | 0 | 0 |
| Park [43] | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | NR | NR |
| Liu** [44] | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (100%) | 0 |
| Chan** [45] | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | NR | 0 |
| Cai** [46] | 1 | 0 | 1 (100%) | 0 | 1 (100%) | 0 | 1 (100%) | 1 (100%) | 0 |
| Chen** [47] | 1 | 0 | 1 (100%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (100%) | 1 (100%) | NR |
| Cai** [38] | 10 | 1 (10%) | 3 (30%) | 3 (30%) | 1 (10%) | 2 (20%) | 3 (30%) | 5 (50%) | 2 (20%) |
| Kam** [48] | 1 | 1 (100%) | 0 | 1 (100%) | 1 (100%) | 0 | NR | NR | NR |
| Wang** [36] | 31 | 2 (6%) | 3 (10%) | 2 (6%) | 0 | 2 (6%) | 4 (13%) | 4 (13%) | 6 (19%) |
| Zhang** [49] | 2 | 0 | 2 (100%) | NR | 0 | 2 (100%) | 1 (50%) | NR | 2 (100%) |
| Zhao** [50] | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 (100%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Xu [37] | 10 | 3 (30%) | 0 | 5 (50%) | 0 | 0 | 6 (60%) | 0 | 1 (10%) |
| Su [55] | 9 | 3 (33%) | 1 (11%) | 3 (33%) | 1 (11%) | 0 | 0 | 6 (66%) | 0 |
| Pan [58] | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Chen [62] | 31 | 12 (39%) | 17 (55%) | 0 | 1 (3%) | 0 | 4 (13%) | 2 (6%) | 2 (6%) |
| Xing [59] | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 (33%) | 0 | 2 (67%) | 1 (33%) | 0 | 0 |
| Qiu [60] | 36 | 7 (19%) | 0 | 11 (31%) | NR | NR | 6 (17%) | 1 (3%) | 3 (8%) |
| Zhang [61] | 34 | 0 | 17 (50%) | 0 | NR | NR | 17 (50%) | 0 | NR |
| Shen [71] | 9 | 0 | 1 (11%) | 0 | NR | NR | 1 (11%) | NR | 2 (22%) |
| Han [72] | 7 | 0 | 2 (29%) | 0 | 0 | 1 (14%) | 3 (43%) | 4 (57%) | 3 (43%) |
| Cui [64] | 1 | 0 | 1 (100%) | 0 | 0 | 1 (100%) | 1 (100%) | 1 (100%) | 1 (100%) |
| Zhang** [67] | 1 | 0 | 0 | NR | 0 | 1 (100%) | 1 (100%) | NR | NR |
| Le [69] | 1 | 0 | 1 (100%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (100%) | 0 |
| Li [75] | 40 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | 1 (2%) | NR | 0 |
| Parri [77] | 100 | 11 (11%) | 11 (11%) | 14 (14%) | NR | NR | 4 (4%) | NR | 10 (10%) |
| See [79] | 4 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | 0 |
| Tan [80] | 10 | 0 | 1 (10%) | 0 | NR | NR | 1 (10%) | 1 (10%) | 2 (20%) |
| Du [81] | 14 | 4 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 1 |
| Zhu [84] | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | NR | NR | 0 | NR | 2 (20%) |
| Total | 655 | 100 | 80 | 81 | 7 | 14 | 190 | 37 | 69 |
| % | 17.1a | 13.7a | 13.3b | 5.1c | 10.3c | 31.1d | 14.5e | 12.4f |
SARS-CoV-2 severe acute respiratory syndrome–Coronavirus-2, NR not reported, WBC white blood cell, Plt platelet, CRP C-reactive protein, PCT procalcitonin, CPK creatine kinase
aCalculated on the total of reported labs (N = 586); bcalculated on the total of reported labs (N = 608); ccalculated on the total of reported labs (N = 136); dcalculated on the total of reported laboratory investigations (N = 610); ecalculated on the total of reported labs (N = 255); fcalculated on the total of reported labs (N = 557)
*Normal ranges of main laboratory parameters were not always clearly defined. However, most of the studies defined values above 5 mg/L as high CRP and above 0.5 ng/mL as high PCT
**Studies included in the review by Henry et al. [67]