Table 4.
Factors associated with psychiatric and neuropsychiatric outcomes in SARS
| Outcome | Result | |
|---|---|---|
| Demographic | ||
| Female sex | Post-traumatic stress disorder diagnosis (DSM-IV) | OR 3·85 (95% CI 1·18–12·54)41 |
| Female sex | Chronic illness compared with resilience (based on SF-12) | OR 2·17 (p<0·01)*42 |
| Female sex | Moderate or severe range score on the BAI or BDI | OR 1·8 (95% CI 0·9–3·6)44 |
| Female sex | Current psychiatric disorder (DSM-IV) | OR 2·0 (95% CI 1·03–3·89)46 |
| Age | Chronic illness compared to resilience (based on SF-12) | OR 1·01 (not significant)*42 |
| Health-care worker | Moderate or severe range score on the BAI or BDI | OR 3·8 (95% CI 1·8–8·2)44 |
| Health-care worker | Current psychiatric disorder (DSM-IV) | OR 2·59 (95% CI 1·38–4·87)46 |
| Health-care worker | Post-traumatic stress disorder diagnosis (DSM-IV) | OR 2·92 (95% CI 1·08–7·88)41 |
| Married | Current psychiatric disorder (DSM-IV) | OR 1·14 (0·60–2·18)46 |
| Baseline illness | ||
| Previous chronic physical illness | Post-traumatic stress disorder diagnosis (DSM-IV) | OR 4·38 (95% CI 1·06–18·02)41 |
| Previous chronic physical illness | Moderate or severe range score on the BAI or BDI | OR 0·8 (95% CI 0·3–2·4)44 |
| Disease-related | ||
| Presence of avascular necrosis | Post-traumatic stress disorder diagnosis (DSM-IV) | OR 2·91 (95% CI 1·06–8·02)41 |
| Functional Impairment Checklist, disability score | Post-traumatic stress disorder diagnosis (DSM-IV) | OR 2·44 (95% CI 1·66–3·56)41 |
| Average pain | Post-traumatic stress disorder diagnosis (DSM-IV) | OR 1·69 (95% CI 1·31–2·19)41 |
| Distressing pain after SARS | Post-traumatic stress disorder diagnosis (DSM-IV) | OR 36·01 (95% CI 2·10–617·59)41 |
| Psychological | ||
| SARS-related worry | Chronic illness compared to resilience (based on SF-12) | OR 1·04 (p<0·05)*42 |
| Chance locus of control (Multidimensional Health Locus of Control scale) | Post-traumatic stress disorder diagnosis (DSM-IV) | OR 1·22 (95% CI 1·09–1·37)41 |
| Frequent recall of SARS memories | Current psychiatric disorder (DSM-IV) | OR 13·5 (95% CI 6·2–29·4)46 |
| Social | ||
| Social network size | Chronic illness compared to resilience (based on SF-12) | OR 0·99 (not significant)*42 |
| Death of relative due to SARS | Moderate or severe range score on the BAI or BDI | OR 3·4 (95% CI 1·0–12·2)44 |
| Medicolegal involvement | Current psychiatric disorder (DSM-IV) | OR 7·69 (95% CI 2·15–27·6)46 |
Unadjusted ORs were reported, except for the outcomes marked. BAI=Beck Anxiety Inventory. BDI=Beck Depression Inventory. OR=odds ratio. SARS=severe acute respiratory syndrome. SF-12=Short Form 12 Health Survey Questionnaire.
*
Only adjusted ORs were available; 95% CIs were not available.