Table 2. Patient characteristics and risk factors for thrombosis by IBD and thrombosis status.
| IBD | No IBD | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thrombosis | No thrombosis | Thrombosis | No thrombosis | 1 vs. 2 | 1 vs. 3 | |
| Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 3 | Group 4 | p -Value | ||
| Percent or mean (SE) | ||||||
| No. of hospital admissions | ||||||
| Actual | 28,155 | 346,160 | 2,029,915 | 42,718,856 | ||
| Weighted | 139,767 | 1,720,797 | 10,092,645 | 212,522,234 | ||
| Age (y) | 57.48 (0.11) | 50.44 (0.03) | 65.01 (0.01) | 47.88 (0.00) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| < 18 | 0.75 | 3.80 | 0.65 | 16.50 | ||
| 18–40 | 18.83 | 30.99 | 8.93 | 21.93 | ||
| > 40 | 80.42 | 65.22 | 90.42 | 61.56 | ||
| Race | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | ||||
| Caucasian | 81.54 | 79.68 | 73.2 | 65.4 | ||
| African American | 10.98 | 10.65 | 16.53 | 14.90 | ||
| Asian | 0.62 | 1.06 | 1.20 | 2.77 | ||
| Other | 6.86 | 8.61 | 9.06 | 16.93 | ||
| Gender | 0.0816 | 0.0002 | ||||
| Female | 56.37 | 56.90 | 55.25 | 57.84 | ||
| Male | 43.63 | 43.10 | 44.75 | 42.16 | ||
| Type IBD | ||||||
| Regional enteritis | 60.15 | 63.92 | 0 | 0 | <0.0001 | |
| Ulcerative colitis | 40.14 | 36.45 | 0 | 0 | <0.0001 | |
| Thrombosis (%) | ||||||
| Pulmonary embolism | 6.46 | 0 | 10.50 | 0 | <0.0001 | |
| Deep venous thrombosis | 6.21 | 0 | 7.96 | 0 | <0.0001 | |
| Arterial thrombosis/arterial embolism | 0.03 | 0 | 0.09 | 0 | 0.0016 | |
| Intraabdominal thrombosis (%) | ||||||
| Mesenteric vein thrombosis | 7.45 | 0 | 3.94 | 0 | <0.0001 | |
| Portal vein thrombosis | 2.53 | 0 | 1.42 | 0 | <0.0001 | |
| Other/splenic vein thrombosis | 0.54 | 0 | 0.51 | 0 | 0.3792 | |
| Hepatic vein thrombosis (Budd–Chiari syndrome) | 0.30 | 0 | 0.15 | 0 | <0.0001 | |
| Other thromboembolism | ||||||
| Cerebral artery embolism | 2.16 | 0 | 5.48 | 0 | <0.0001 | |
| Cerebral artery thrombosis | 0.42 | 0 | 0.87 | 0 | <0.0001 | |
| Retinal occlusion (artery or vein) | 0.36 | 0 | 0.82 | 0 | <0.0001 | |
| Intracranial venous sinus thrombosis | 0.35 | 0 | 0.26 | 0 | 0.0021 | |
| Risk factors/comorbidities | ||||||
| General surgery | 53.73 | 51.87 | 45.61 | 50.45 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Abdominal surgery | 24.72 | 26.33 | 8.16 | 4.73 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Ports/central venous catheters | 13.19 | 7.65 | 8.72 | 3.88 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Malignancy | 13.10 | 9.18 | 18.62 | 9.88 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Dehydration | 12.43 | 13.21 | 7.75 | 6.24 | 0.0002 | <0.0001 |
| Malnutrition | 8.87 | 5.79 | 4.92 | 2.34 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Long-term steroid use | 8.20 | 5.51 | 2.31 | 0.93 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Orthopedic surgery | 5.19 | 4.92 | 7.51 | 8.36 | 0.0403 | <0.0001 |
| Trauma | 5.03 | 4.08 | 7.42 | 6.93 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Medical conditions | ||||||
| Hypertension | 45.17 | 36.61 | 62.51 | 41.79 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Smoking | 26.65 | 26.09 | 26.43 | 19.93 | 0.0427 | 0.4201 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 21.50 | 17.77 | 33.59 | 22.62 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Cardiac disease | 16.61 | 12.73 | 26.24 | 17.76 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Diabetes | 14.95 | 12.14 | 22.82 | 16.32 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Renal failure | 13.55 | 8.90 | 18.05 | 10.83 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Obesity | 10.44 | 7.55 | 14.85 | 9.34 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Cirrhosis | 1.72 | 1.25 | 1.18 | 0.79 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Liver disease | 1.66 | 1.47 | 1.07 | 0.76 | 0.0118 | <0.0001 |
| Hepatitis C | 1.32 | 1.49 | 1.69 | 1.61 | 0.0187 | <0.0001 |
| HIV | 0.48 | 0.48 | 0.74 | 0.62 | 0.9626 | <0.0001 |
| Transfusion | ||||||
| Blood or blood products | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.6889 | 0.4667 |
| Platelets | 1.28 | 0.70 | 1.20 | 0.67 | <0.0001 | 0.2550 |
| Coagulation factors | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.0153 | 0.7531 |
| Charlson's comorbidity index | 1.42 (0.01) | 0.96 (0.00) | 2.17 (0.00) | 1.20 (0.00) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Length of Stay | 7.75 (0.06) | 5.46 (0.01) | 6.72 (0.01) | 4.48 (0.00) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Discharge Status (inpatient mortality) | 3.76 | 1.49 | 4.47 | 1.78 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
Abbreviations: IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; SE, standard error.