Table 6. Cox regression analysis for long-term AF recurrence after 3 months of ECV.
| Univariate | Multivariate | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | p value | OR (95% CI) | p value | |
| Age (years) | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | 0.030 | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | 0.084 |
| Male | 0.80 (0.63–1.02) | 0.075 | - | - |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.882 | - | - |
| AF duration (months) | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.885 | - | - |
| L-PeAF | 0.97 (0.70–1.34) | 0.829 | - | - |
| Post-AFCA | 1.04 (0.75–1.43) | 0.829 | - | - |
| CHA2DS2-VASc | 0.93 (0.86–1.00) | 0.039 | 1.03 (0.93–1.14) | 0.585 |
| Heart failure | 0.63 (0.42–0.95) | 0.028 | 0.60 (0.40–0.92) | 0.019 |
| Hypertension | 0.79 (0.63–0.98) | 0.030 | 0.79 (0.61–1.03) | 0.078 |
| Diabetes | 0.92 (0.68–1.23) | 0.553 | - | - |
| Stroke | 1.03 (0.72–1.46) | 0.877 | - | - |
| Vascular disease | 0.74 (0.44–1.24) | 0.251 | - | - |
| LA dimension (mm) | 1.00 (0.98–1.02) | 0.931 | - | - |
| Ejection fraction (%) | 1.01 (1.00–1.02) | 0.231 | - | - |
| E/Em | 0.98 (0.96–1.01) | 0.141 | - | - |
| Successful ECV energy (J) | 1.05 (0.95–1.16) | 0.359 | - | - |
| Antiarrhythmic drugs | 1.66 (0.82–3.34) | 0.160 | - | - |
| Amiodarone | 1.08 (0.86–1.35) | 0.508 | - | - |
| ACEi/ARB | 1.05 (0.80–1.37) | 0.752 | - | - |
| b-blocker | 0.87 (0.68–1.12) | 0.278 | - | - |
| Statin | 1.00 (0.76–1.31) | 0.996 | - | - |
AF = atrial fibrillation; AFCA = atrial fibrillation catheter ablation; ACEi = angiotensinconverting enzyme inhibitor; ARB = angiotensin receptor blocker; BMI = body mass index; CI = confidence interval; E = early diastolic mitral inflow velocity; ECV = elective external cardioversion; Em = early diastolic mitral annular velocity; L-PeAF = long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation; LA = left atrial; OR = odds ratio.