Table 4.
EUS-Guided Management of Bile Duct Stones in Patients with Surgically Altered Anatomy
| Author | Year | Study design | No. | Reconstruction | Procedures | Technical success, % | Reasons for failure | Adverse events, % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Weilert et al.43 | 2011 | Single left, retrospective | 6 | 6 R-Y | EUS-AG | 67 | 2 Failed device insertions | 16 |
| Iwashita et al.44 | 2013 | Single left, retrospective | 4 | 3 R-Y, 1 child | EUS-AG | 100 | - | 25 (1 mild pain) |
| Itoi et al.45 | 2014 | Single left, retrospective | 5 | 2 R-Y, 2 B-II, 1 JI | EUS-AG | 60 | 2 Failed stone extractions | 0 |
| Iwashita et al.46 | 2016 | Multileft, retrospective | 29 | 19 R-Y, 4 child, 3 B-II, 2 JI,1 HJS | EUS-AG | 72 | 6 Failed puncture, 1 failed guidewire insertion, 1 failed stone extraction | 17 (2 pain, 1 bile peritonitis, 1 cholecystitis, 1 elevated CRP) |
| Hosmer et al.48 | 2018 | Single left, retrospective | 9 | 9 R-Y | EUS-HGS followed by stone extraction | 100 | - | 11 (1 cholangitis) |
| James et al.49,* | 2018 | Single left, retrospective | 20* | 15 R-Y, 2 B-II, 3 Whipple | EUS-HGS/HJS followed by stone extraction or balloon dilation/stent | 100 | - | 15 (1 pain, 1 pancreatitis, 1 cholangitis) |
| Mukai et al.50,* | 2019 | Single left, retrospective | 37† | 26 R-Y, 2 B-II, 6 Whipple, 2 HD | EUS-AG, EUS-HGS/HJS followed by stone extraction or balloon dilation/stent | 91.9 | 3 Failed hepatoenteric tract creation | 8.1 (3 bile peritonitis) |
EUS, endoscopic ultrasound; R-Y, Roux-en-Y; AG, antegrade; B-II, Billroth II; JI, jejunal interposition; HJS, hepaticojejunostomy; CRP, C-reactive protein; HGS, hepaticogastrostomy; HD, hepaticoduodenostomy.
*
Included 8 bile duct stones, 11 benign biliary strictures and 1 bile leak; †Included 11 common bile duct stones, 5 intrahepatic bile duct stones, 10 anastomotic strictures and 11 anastomotic strictures complicated by stones.