. 2019 Sep 26;14(3):331–337. doi: 10.5009/gnl19085

Table 4.

Independent Factors Associated with Postoperative Surgical Recurrence

Variables	Univariate			Multivariate

	HR	95% CI	p-value	HR	95% CI	p-value
Age at Surgery			0.003			0.011
≤16	5.933	1.8492–19.108		5.136	1.576–16.731
17-40	2.483	0.876–7.058		2.169	0.759–6.204
≥41	Reference	0.876–7.058		Reference
Sex	1.317	0.744–2.334	0.342
Family history	0.653	0.090–4.740	0.850
Previous appendectomy	1.068	0.500–2.280	0.864
Diagnosis by initial surgery	1.716	0.723–4.074	0.215
Disease location at surgery	1.716		0.009			0.023
Ileum	Reference			Reference
Colon^*	2.173	1.196–3.951		2.011	1.102–3.670
Disease behavior at surgery	2.173	1.196–3.951
Non-stricturing, non-penetrating	0.381	0.118–1.225	0.092
Stricturing†	0.793	0.419–1.501	0.475
Penetrating‡	2.019	1.009–4.041	0.042			0.131
Perianal disease at surgery	2.017	1.137–3.576	0.014	2.239	1.236–4.059	0.008
Current smoking at surgery	1.290	0.509–3.268	0.589
Emergent surgery	0.954	0.501–1.817	0.885
Preoperative Medication	0.954	0.501–1.817	0.885
5-ASA	1.015	0.528–1.953	0.964
Corticosteroid	0.785	0.450–1.371	0.393
Thiopurine	1.191	0.674–2.105	0.546
Anti-TNF	0.852	0.399–1.820	0.679
Postoperative Medication	0.852	0.399–1.820	0.679
5-ASA	0.497	0.221–1.116	0.083
Corticosteroid	1.092	0.613–1.943	0.765
Thiopurine	0.496	0.280–0.878	0.014	0.393	0.218–0.710	0.002
Anti-TNF	0.698	0.378–1.290	0.025	0.393	0.218–0.710	0.002

HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; ASA, aminosalicylic acid; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.

Colonic involvement, including L2 (colonic) and L3 (ileocolonic); †Stricturing behavior, including the B2 (stricturing) and B2+B3 (stricturing and penetrating) phenotypes; ‡Penetrating behavior, including the B3 (penetrating) and B2+B3 (stricturing and penetrating) phenotypes.