Table 1.
The Primers Used in This Study
| References | Annealing Temperature | Amplicon Size (bp) | Sequence 5ʹ→3ʹ | Primer | Target Gene Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10 | 67 | 510 | 5-GCGTCTGTTGACTGGCAGGTGGTGG-3 5-GTTGCCCGCTTCGAAACCAATGCCT-3 |
uidA-F uidA-R |
E. coli |
| 11 | 57.5 | 630 | 5-CTGGCGAAAGACTGTATCAT-3 5-CAATGTATAGAAATCCGCTGTT-3 |
pCVD432-F pCVD432-R |
EAEC |
| 12 | 48 | 881 | 5-CCCGAATTCGGCACAAGCATAAGC-3 5-CCCGGATCCGTCTCGCCAGTATTCG-3 |
eae-F eae-R |
EPEC |
| 13 | 55 | 274 | 5-ACGGCGTTACTATCCTCTC-3 5-TGGTCTCGGTCAGATATGTG-3 |
elt-F elt-R |
ETEC |
| 13 | 55 | 170 | 5-TCTTTCCCCTCTTTTAGTCAGTC-3 5-CAGCACAGGCAGGATTAC-3 |
st-F st-R |
ETEC |
| 4 | 50 | 650 | 5-GGTATGATGATGATGAGTCCA-3 5- GGAGGCCAACAATTATTTCC-3 |
ial-F ial-R |
EIEC |
| 12 | 48 | 518 | 5-GAGCGAAATAATTTATATGTG-3 5-TGATGATGGCAATTCAGTAT-3 |
stx-F stx-R |
EHEC |
| 8 | 55 | 344 | 5-AAATCTGCCCGTGTCGTTGGT-3 5-GCCATACCTACGGCGATACC −3 |
gyrA-F gyrA-R |
Fluoroquinolone |
| 8 | 55 | 168 | 5-CTGAATGCCAGCGCCAAATT-3 5-GCGAACGATTTCGGATCGTC-3 |
parC-F parC-R |
|
| 8 | 60 | 656 | 5-TGGAAACCTACAATCATACATATCG-3 5-TTAGTCAGGATAAACAACAATACCC-3 |
qnrS-F qnrS-R |
|
| 8 | 60 | 593 | 5-GATAAAGTTTTTCAGCAAGAGG-3 5-ATCCAGATCGGCAAAGGTTA-3 |
qnrA-F qnrA-R |
|
| 8 | 53 | 264 | 5-GTTGGCGAAAAAATTGACAGAA-3 5-ACTCCGAATTGGTCAGATCG-3 |
qnrB-F qnrB-R |
|
| 8 | 55 | 160 | 5-CAGTGGACATAAGCCTGTTC-3 5-CCCGAGGCATAGACTGTA-3 |
Int1-F Int1-R |
Integrase1 |
| 8 | 55 | 288 | 5-TTGCGAGTATCCATAACCTG-3 5-TTACCTGCACTGGATTAAGC-3 |
Int2-F Int2-R |
Integrase2 |
| 8 | 59 | 979 | 5-GCCTCCGGCAGCGACTTTCAG-3 5-ACGGATCTGCCAAACCTGACT-3 |
Int3-F Int3-R |
Integrase3 |
| 8 | 65 | 331 | 5-TCACCGAGGACTCCTTCTTC-3 5-CAGTCCGCCTCAGCAATATC-3 |
Sul1-F Sul1-R |
Sulfonamide resistance |
| 8 | 58 | 435 | 5-CCTGTTTCGTCCGACACAGA-3 5-GAAGCGCAGCCGCAATTCAT-3 |
Sul2-F Sul2-R |
|
| 26 | 55 | 370 | 5-GCCCTACACAAATTGGGAGA-3 5-CTGCGGTACCACTGCCACAA-3 |
qac-F qac-R |
Quaternary ammonium compounds |
| 8 | 44 | 425 | 5-AAAGATGCTGAAGATCA-3 5-TTTGGTATGGCTTCATTC-3 |
TEM-F TEM-R |
β-Lactamase ESBL+ |
| 8 | 62 | 304 | 5-GCGAAAGCCAGCTGTCGGGC-3 5-GATTGGCGGCGCTGTTATCGC-3 |
SHV-F SHV-R |
|
| 8 | 52 | 670 | 5-AAGACTGGGTGTGGCATTGA-3 5-AGGCTGGGTGAAGTAAGTGA-3 |
CTX-M1-F CTX-M1-R |
|
| 8 | 60 | 552 | 5-CGACGCTACCCCTGCTATT-3 5-CCAGCGTCAGATTTTTCAGG-3 |
CTX-M2-F CTX-M2-R |
|
| 8 | 55 | 307 | 5-CGCTTTGCCATGTGCAGCACC-3 5-GCTCAGTACGATCGAGCC-3 |
CTX-M8-F CTX-M8-R |
|
| 8 | 50 | 355 | 5-TACCGCAGATAATACGCAGGTG-3 5- CAGCGTAGGTTCAGTGCGATCC-3 |
CTX-M14-F CTX-M14-R |
|
| 8 | 55 | 955 | 5-CACACGTGGAATTTAGGGACT-3 5-GCCGTCTAAGGCGATAAACA-3 |
CTX-M15-F CTX-M15-R |
|
| 8 | 58 | 758 | 5′-GCACTTAGCCACCTATACGGCAG-3′ 5′-GCTTTTCAAGAATGCGCCAGG-3′ |
CMY-2-F CMY-2-R |
|
| 8 | 64 | 190 | 5-AACATGGGGTATCAGGGAGATG-3 5-CAAAGCGCGTAACCGGATTGG-3 |
Fox-F Fox-R |
β-Lactamase AmpC+ |
| 8 | 64 | 520 | 5-GCTGCTCAAGGAGCACAGGAT-3 5-CACATTGACATAGGTGTGGTGC-3 |
Mox-F Mox-R |
|
| 8 | 64 | 405 | 5-AACTTTCACAGGTGTGCTGGGT-3 5-CCGTACGCATACTGGCTTTGC-3 |
DHA-F DHA-R |
|
| 8 | 64 | 346 | 5-AACAGCCTCAGCAGCCGGTTA-3 5-TTCGCCGCAATCATCCCTAGC-3 |
ACC-F ACC-R |
|
| 8 | 64 | 462 | 5-TGGCCAGAACTGACAGGCAAA-3 5-TTTCTCCTGAACGTGGCTGGC-3 |
CIT-F CIT-R |
Abbreviations: EAEC, enteroaggregative E. coli; EPEC, enteropathogenic E. coli; ETEC, enterotoxigenic E. coli; EIEC, entero-invasive E. coli; EHEC, enterohemorrhagic E. coli.