Table 4.

Relative excess risk of death (RER) estimates and 95% confidence intervals for each subgroup of the 1133 chronic subdural hematoma patients adjusted for age, gender, and follow-up time

	Total sample n = 1133		RER	95% CI
	n	%
Sex
Men	736	65.0	1	Ref
Women	397	35.0	1.17	0.82–1.65
Age at CSDH diagnosis, years
18–59	167	14.7	1	Ref
60–79	565	49.9	1.05	0.68–1.61
≥ 80	401	35.4	1.83	1.11–3.02
Chronic alcohol abuse
No	1007	88.9	1	Ref
Yes	126	11.1	4.47	2.88–6.95
Traumatic etiology
Yes	672	59.3	1	Ref
No	461	40.7	1.69	1.20–2.38
Antithrombotic medication
None	655	57.8	1	Ref
Antiplatelet	268	23.7	1.20	0.72–2.01
Warfarin	187	16.5	2.94	1.91–4.54
Warfarin AND antiplatelet	23	2.0	3.24	1.35–7.75
Admission GCS
13–15	1007	88.9	1	Ref
9–12	91	8.0	3.53	2.35–5.32
3–8	35	3.1	5.71	3.47–9.41
Admission mRS
0–3	580	51.2	1	Ref
4–5	553	48.8	4.93	3.12–7.80
Hematoma localization
Unilateral	876	77.3	1	Ref
Bilateral	257	22.7	0.74	0.46–1.18
Hematoma thickness, mm (missing n = 23)
≤ 15 mm	376	33.2	1	Ref
16–25	474	41.8	0.69	0.48–1.01
> 25	260	22.9	0.59	0.34–1.01
Operative treatment
Yes	965	85.2	1	Ref
No	168	14.8	1.77	1.18–2.65
No1	161	14.2	1.56	1.01–2.41
Discharge GCS2
13–15	942	97.6	1	Ref
9–12	9	0.9	14.84	6.64–33.18
3–8	14	1.5	98.30	39.35–245.56
Discharge mRS2
0–3	727	75.3	1	Ref
4–5	238	24.7	8.31	5.48–12.58
Recurrent hematoma2
No	692	71.7	1	Ref
Yes	273	28.3	0.78	0.48–1.26

RER Relative excess risk of death, CI Confidence interval, Ref Reference, GCS Glasgow Coma Scale score, mRS Modified Rankin Scale score

¹The patients (n = 7) who were not offered surgery because they presented in a moribund state were not included

²Includes only operatively treated patients