Table 2.

Family War and Displacement Stressors

Surviving War and Border Crossing	Living as Urban Refugee	Parenting Children in Refuge
- Direct prior exposure to war related traumatic events in Syria - Family loss and separation - Displacement within Syria Border crossing - Indirect current exposure to war related traumatic events in Syria - Families do not want to talk together about traumatic memories	- Poor family finances - Difficulty in findings apartments and poor housing - Hard working conditions - Discrimination against Syrians - Not speaking Turkish - Traditional gender roles are disrupted - Being stuck in Turkey - We are worried about family in Syria	- Parents cannot afford living costs and children have to work and cannot attend school - Some children cannot get registered for regular Turkish school - Parent cannot help children with homework or other school issues - Father’s not available at home and involved with children - Children bullied and discriminated against by classmates in school - School requires extra payments which families do not have - Children are forgetting Arabic language and culture