Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of study patients
| Parameter | n (%) |
| Age (yr) | 57 (IQR 50–65) |
| Male | 133 (71) |
| Current smoker | 70 (37) |
| Co morbidities | |
| IHD | 16 (9) |
| DM | 64 (34) |
| CCF | 16 (9) |
| Previous CVA | 15 (8) |
| COPD | 14 (7) |
| Non-HCC malignancy | 20 (11) |
| CKD | 39 (21) |
| Ascites | 138 (73) |
| Aetiology of cirrhosis | |
| Alcohol | 117 (62) |
| HBV | 6 (3) |
| HCV | 59 (31) |
| NASH | 37 (20) |
| PSC | 6 (3) |
| AIH | 4 (2) |
| PBC | 1 (1) |
| Other | 11 (6) |
| Child Pugh score | 11 (IQR 9-12) |
| CPA | 3 (2) |
| CPB | 39 (21) |
| CPC | 120 (64) |
| Unknown | 26 (14) |
| MELD | 25 (IQR 18-31) |
| Hepatic encephalopathy | |
| Grade 1 | 22 (5) |
| Grade 2 | 93 (23) |
| Grade 3 | 38 (57) |
| Grade 4 | 9 (14) |
| Unknown grade | 26 |
| Previous episode of encephalopathy | 75 |
| Median duration of encephalopathy (d) | 7 (IQR 2-9) |
Continuous variables are presented as median (interquartile range). IHD: Ischemic heart disease; DM: Diabetes mellitus; CCF: Congestive cardiac failure; CVA: Cerebrovascular event; COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HCC: Hepatocellular cancer; CKD: Chronic kidney disease; HCV: Hepatitis C; HBV: Hepatitis B; NASH: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; PSC: Primary sclerosing cholangitis; AIH: Autoimmune hepatitis; PBC: Primary biliary cirrhosis; CPA: Child's Pugh A; CPB: Childs Pugh B; CPC: Childs Pugh C; MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease.