Table 3.
Selected clinical trials of CAR T cells in multiple myeloma.
| Setting | Target | Product | Costimul. domain | Generation | Vector | Population infused | Response | Durable remission rate | CRS (gr.3/4) | NTX (gr.3/4) | Institute/Company | Clinical trial | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MM | BCMA | BCMA.CAR | CD28 | Second (2nd) | Retroviral | 16, R/R MM | ORR 81% ≥VGPR 63% |
Unknown | 38%§ | 6%¬ | NIH |
NCT02215967 Phase I |
(188) |
| CART-BCMA | 4-1BB | Second (2nd) | Lentiviral | 25, R/R MM | ORR 48% | Median DOR ≈ 4 mo |
32%¥ | 12%* | UPenn/Novartis |
NCT02546167 Single-center, phase I |
(189) | ||
| bb2121 | 4-1BB | Second (2nd) | Lentiviral | 33, R/R MM | ORR 85% CR 45% |
Median DOR 10.9 mo | 6%§ | 3%± | NIH/Bluebird Bio, Celgene | NCT02658929 Multicenter phase I | (190) | ||
| LCAR-B38M | None | First (1st) | Lentiviral | 57, R/R MM | ORR 88% CR 68% |
Median DOR 14 mo | 7%§ | 2%± | Nanjing Legend Biotech | LEGEND-2 NCT03090659 Multicenter phase I/II |
(193) | ||
| k-Ig LC | κ. CAR | CD28 | Second (2nd) | Retroviral | 7, R/R MM | ≥PR 57% | Unknown | 0%* | 0%* | BCM | CHARKALL NCT00881920 Phase I |
(102) | |
| NKG2DL | CM-CS1 T | CD3ζ plus DAP10 | Second (2nd) | Retroviral | 5, R/R MM | – | – | – | – | DFCI/Celyad |
NCT02203825 in vitro Phase I |
(199) |
¥
, Penn/CHOP grading scale;
§
, NCI 2014 consensus grading scale modified by Lee DW et al. (45);
*
, CTCAE v4.0;
¬
, CTCAE v4.02;
±
, CTCAE v4.03.
MM, multiple myeloma; R/R., relapse/refractory; ORR, overall response rate; CR, complete remission; PR, partial response; VGPR, very good partial response; SD, stable disease; wk, weeks; EFS, event-free survival; DOR, duration of response; PFS, progression-free survival; CRS, cytokine release syndrome; NTX, neurotoxicity; UPenn, University of Pennsylvania Hospital; DFCI, Dana-Faber Cancer Institute; NIH, National Institutes of Health; BCM, Baylor College of Medicine.