Table 2.

AFM Analysis of the Protein Films Prepared by the Different Laboratories

Protein	Substrate	Linkera	Lab	Protein Thickness (nm; ±1)	Roughnessb (nm; ±0.1)	Coverage (%; ±5)
bR	TSAu	6-Amino-1-hexanethiol	NUS	7	1.3	65
		Cysteamine	NUS	7	1.6	60
		Cysteamine	WIS	7	1.6	95
		Cysteamine	UoG	8	3.2	65
	Si/SiOx	(3-Aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane	WIS	7	2.3	85
Ferritin	TSAu	6-Mercaptohexanoic acid	NUS	7	2.0	50
		3-Mercaptopropionic acid	WIS	5	2.6	60
		6-Mercaptohexanoic acid	UoG	7	2.8	65
	Si/SiOx	(3-Aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane	WIS	7	1.4	95
PSI	TSAu	3-Mercaptopropionic acid	NUS	7	1.4	80
		2- Mercaptoethanol	WIS	7	2.4	95
	Si/SiOx	2- Mercaptoethanol	UoG	7	2.1	80
		(3-Aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane	WIS	8	2.8	60

^aSee Supplemental Information, Section SA2b and Figures S2–S8 for further detail.

^bRoughness value is the rms roughness over the scanned area of 1 μm².