Table 2.
Clinical characteristics of patients with positive respiratory panel for EV/rhinovirus and negative CSF testing for enteroviruses:
| Patient 1 | Patient 2 | Patient 3 | Patient 4 | Patient 5 | Patient 6 | Patient 7 | Patient 8 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 40 years | 9 years | 1 month | 12 days | 21 years | 2 months | 1 month | 2 months |
| Gender | M | F | M | M | F | F | F | M |
| Symptoms on presentation | Altered mental status, dry cough, poor PO intake, clonus, intermittent tremor, hyperreflexivity, chest pain, slow speech, abdominal pain. | Headache, NBNB emesis, chest pain, general weakness, blurry vision with and without headaches. | Maculopapular rash on neck and abdomen. | Pallor, delayed capillary refill, hypoxia. | Headache, nausea/emesis, diarrhea, photophobia, phonophobia, rhinorrhea, mild abdominal pain, neck stiffness. | Nasal congestion, diarrhea, decreased PO, less urinary output, injected pharynx, lethargy. | Fussiness. | Brief episode of face and lip shaking, eyes rolling back, no limb movement for 4 minutes. |
| Fever | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Diagnosis | Meningoencephalitis | Meningitis | Meningitis | Meningitis | Meningitis | Meningitis | Meningitis | Meningitis |
| CSF profile | WBC: 12 Neutrophils: 1 Lymphocytes: 95 Monocytes: 4 Eosinophils: 0 Glucose: 58 Protein: 70 |
WBC: 300 Neutrophils: 20 Lymphocytes: 72 Monocytes: 7 Eosinophils: 0 Basophils: 1 Glucose: 73 Protein: 85 |
WBC: 55 Neutrophils: 9 Lymphocytes: 14 Monocytes: 77 Eosinophils: 0 Glucose: 56 Protein: 58 |
WBC: 13 Neutrophils: 1 Lymphocytes: 76 Monocytes: 23 Eosinophils: 0 Glucose: 53 Protein: 142 |
WBC: 579 Neutrophils: 0 Lymphocytes: 86 Atyp lymph: 2 Monocytes: 0 Eosinophils: 0 Glucose: 82 Protein: 56 |
WBC: 446 Neutrophils: 74 Lymphocytes: 2 Monocytes: 24 Eosinophils: 0 Glucose: 62 Protein: 64 |
WBC: 26 Neutrophils: 2 Lymphocytes: 59 Bands: 1 Monocytes: 38 Macrophages: 10 Eosinophils: 0 Glucose: 67 Protein: 48 |
WBC: 33 Neutrophils: 0 Lymphocytes: 37 Monocytes: 60 Macrophages: 3 Eosinophils: 3 Glucose: 67 Protein: 39 |
| Neuroimaging findings | Patchy foci of subinsular, superior frontal subcortical, and periventricular white matter signal abnormality without associated mass effect, no abnormal enhancement | Normal | N/A | Normal | Normal | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| EEG findings | Moderate diffuse slowing, no epileptiform discharges | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| MRS score | 6 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |