Table 4.

Summary of the consideration of different processes in various macroscale models.

Processes	Macroscale models
	Gaussian plume models	Modified Gaussian models	Statistical models	Receptor models	CFD models	Hybrid models
Absorption	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
LAI	No	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes
Land cover	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes
Surface roughness	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes
Terrain data	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes
VOC emissions	No	No	No	No	No	No
Coupled dispersion- deposition	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
Background Concentration variation	No	No	No	No	No	Yes