Figure 4.
CRAMP ameliorates I/R‐induced renal dysfunction. Mice were treated with CRAMP (5 mg·kg−1) at 1 hr before I/R. (a–b) Serum creatinine and urea levels were measured after I/R (n = 8 per group). (c) MPO activities in kidney tissues were measured after I/R (n = 8 per group). (d) Representative histological sections and quantification of necrosis in tubular epithelial cells (n = 8 per group). Scale bar: 100 μm. (e–g) The mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines in kidneys were measured by real‐time qPCR. (h,i) Serum levels of IL‐6 and IL‐1β were measured by ELISA (n = 8 per group). The results are shown as mean ± SEM. *P < .05, significantly different as indicated; one‐way ANOVA followed by Tukey's test [Colour figure can be viewed at http://wileyonlinelibrary.com]