Table 1.
Characteristics of participants in 1991–1993 as a function of dementia status at the end of the follow-up in March 2017
| All participants | No dementia diagnosed | Dementia diagnosed | pa | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Risk factors in CAIDE | 7553 | 7235 | 318 | |
| Age (years) | < 0.001 | |||
| < 47 | 2871 (38.0%) | 2849 (39.4%) | 22 (6.9%) | |
| 47–53 | 2069 (27.4%) | 2012 (27.8%) | 57 (17.9%) | |
| > 53 | 2613 (34.6%) | 2374 (32.8%) | 239 (75.2%) | |
| Sex | < 0.001 | |||
| Male | 5230 (69.2%) | 5043 (69.7%) | 187 (58.8%) | |
| Female | 2323 (30.8%) | 2192 (30.3%) | 131 (41.2%) | |
| Education (years) | < 0.001 | |||
| ≥ 10 | 4076 (54.0%) | 3944 (54.5%) | 132 (41.5%) | |
| 7–9 | 2643 (35.0%) | 2518 (34.8%) | 125 (39.3%) | |
| 0–6 | 834 (11.0%) | 773 (10.7%) | 61 (19.2%) | |
| Vigorous physical activityb | 0.030 | |||
| Yes | 1937 (25.6%) | 1872 (25.9%) | 65 (20.4%) | |
| No | 5616 (74.4%) | 5363 (74.1%) | 253 (79.6%) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.002 | |||
| ≤ 30 | 6837 (90.5%) | 6565 (90.7%) | 272 (85.5%) | |
| > 30 | 716 (9.5%) | 670 (9.3%) | 46 (14.5%) | |
| SBP (mmHg) | < 0.001 | |||
| ≤ 140 | 6951 (92.0%) | 6674 (92.2%) | 277 (87.1%) | |
| > 140 | 602 (8.0%) | 561 (7.8%) | 41 (12.9%) | |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 0.003 | |||
| ≤ 6.5 | 4019 (53.2%) | 3876 (53.6%) | 143 (45.0%) | |
| > 6.5 | 3534 (46.8%) | 3359 (46.4%) | 175 (55.0%) | |
| Risk factors in FRS or FINDRISC | ||||
| Current smokers | 0.230 | |||
| No | 6535 (86.5%) | 6267 (86.6%) | 268 (84.3%) | |
| Yes | 1018 (13.5%) | 968 (13.4%) | 50 (15.7%) | |
| Daily fruit or vegetable consumption | 0.440 | |||
| Yes | 4621 (61.2%) | 4433 (61.3%) | 188 (59.1%) | |
| No | 2932 (38.8%) | 2802 (38.7%) | 130 (40.9%) | |
| Diabetes | < 0.001 | |||
| No | 7385 (97.8%) | 7083 (97.9%) | 302 (95.0%) | |
| Yes | 168 (2.2%) | 152 (2.1%) | 16 (5.0%) | |
| Waist circumference (cm) | < 0.001 | |||
| Men < 94, women< 80 | 5715 (75.7%) | 5500 (76.0%) | 215 (67.6%) | |
| Men 94 to < 102 women 80 to < 88 | 1156 (15.3%) | 1101 (15.2%) | 55 (17.3%) | |
| Men ≥ 102, women ≥ 88 | 682 (9.0%) | 634 (8.8%) | 48 (15.1%) | |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 0.560 | |||
| ≥ 0.9 | 7066 (93.6%) | 6766 (93.5%) | 300 (94.3%) | |
| < 0.9 | 487 (6.4%) | 469 (6.5%) | 18 (5.7%) | |
CAIDE Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging, and Incidence of Dementia, FRS Framingham cardiovascular Risk Score, FINDRISC Finnish Diabetes Risk Score
ap value for chi-squared statistics
bPhysical activity causing sweating ≥ 2 times/week for a total weekly duration ≥ 1 h