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. 2020 May 19;20:720. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-08896-y

Table 3.

The proportion of correctly answering on 17 dietary knowledge questions

Items Question Total
(n = 12,814)		 Urban
(n = 5061)		 Rural
(n = 7753)		 χ2 p-value
n % n % n %
Q1 Choosing a diet with a lot of fresh fruits and vegetables is good for one’s health. 9715 75.8 4036 79.7 5679 73.2 70.52 < 0.001
Q2a Eating a lot of sugar is good for one’s health. 9325 72.8 3953 78.1 5372 69.3 120.16 < 0.001
Q3 Eating a variety of foods is good for one’s health. 9647 75.3 3989 78.8 5658 73.0 56.13 < 0.001
Q4a Choosing a diet high in fat is good for one’s health. 9239 72.1 3933 77.7 5306 68.4 130.92 < 0.001
Q5 Choosing a diet with a lot of staple foods (rice and rice products, wheat and wheat products) is not good for one’s health. 5283 41.2 2156 42.6 3127 40.3 6.50 0.011
Q6a Consuming a lot of animal products daily (fish, poultry, eggs and lean meat) is good for one’s health. 7965 62.2 3310 65.4 4655 60.0 37.41 < 0.001
Q7 Reducing the amount of fatty meat and animal fat in the diet is good for one’s health. 8894 69.4 3682 72.8 5212 67.2 44.05 < 0.001
Q8 Consuming milk and dairy products is good for one’s health. 10,499 81.9 4241 83.8 6258 80.7 19.63 < 0.001
Q9 Consuming beans and bean products is good for one’s health. 10,658 83.2 4213 83.2 6445 83.1 0.03 0.865
Q10 Physical activities are good for one’s health. 9911 77.3 4006 79.2 5905 76.2 15.63 < 0.001
Q11 Sweaty sports or other intense physical activities are not good for one’s health. 5717 44.6 2400 47.4 3317 42.8 26.66 < 0.001
Q12a The heavier one’s body is, the healthier he or she is. 9767 76.2 4042 79.9 5725 73.8 61.29 < 0.001
Q13 Eating salty foods can cause hypertension. 8888 69.4 3784 74.8 5104 65.8 115.04 < 0.001
Q14a Refined grains (rice and wheat flour) contain more vitamins and minerals than unrefined grains. 3595 28.1 1343 26.5 2252 29.0 9.56 0.002
Q15a Lard is healthier than vegetable oils. 7432 58.0 3131 61.9 4301 55.5 51.33 < 0.001
Q16a Vegetables contain more starch than staple foods (rice or wheat flour). 5700 44.5 2579 51.0 3121 40.3 142.04 < 0.001
Q17 Eggs and milk are the important sources of high-quality protein. 9036 70.5 3704 73.2 5332 68.8 28.69 < 0.001

anegative item