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. 2020 May 18;19:45. doi: 10.1186/s12937-020-00564-6

Table 4.

Quantile regression estimates for the association between energy intake and macronutrient composition and BMI (kg/m2) in CHNS 2015a,b,c

Dietary intake Men Women
5th 25th 50th 75th 95th 5th 25th 50th 75th 95th
Energy (kcal) Model 1 0.0001 0.0001* 0.0025** 0.0026*** 0.0046*** 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001 − 0.0001 0.0001
Model 2 0.0001 0.0002** 0.0003** 0.0004*** 0.0004** 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001 −0.0001
Fat (g) Model 1 0.0023 0.0016 0.0031 0.0025 0.0049*** 0.0009 0.0014 0.0014 −0.0017 −0.0007
Model 2 0.0030 0.0020 0.0022 0.0032*** 0.0057*** 0.0021 0.0010 0.0010 0.0006 −0.0035
Protein (g) Model 1 0.0056* 0.0100*** 0.0107*** 0.0085*** 0.0088 0.0033 0.0022 0.0016 −0.0044 −0.0056
Model 2 0.0039** 0.0059** 0.0086*** 0.0084*** 0.0081 0.0031 0.0027 0.0025 −0.0001 − 0.0001
Carbohydrate (g) Model 1 −0.0003 0.0004 0.0009*** 0.0013*** 0.0025** 0.0002 0.0005 0.0007 −0.0005 − 0.0003
Model 2 0.0001 0.0009 0.0016* 0.0018** 0.0028*** 0.0003 0.0007 0.0001 0.0004 −0.0001
Fat (% E4) Model 1 0.0009 0.0005 0.0013 0.0020 −0.0099 0.0001 0.0001 0.0030 −0.0020 −0.0021
Model 2 0.0015 0.0006 0.0039 0.0022 0.0133 0.0071 −0.0003 0.0044 −0.0015 − 0.0150
Protein (% E5) Model 1 0.0489** 0.0565*** 0.0427** 0.0202* −0.0593** 0.0155 −0.0045 − 0.0242 − 0.0410 −0.0520
Model 2 0.0256 0.0180 0.0069 0.0172 −0.0623 0.020 0.0156 0.0060 −0.0160 − 0.0373
Carbohydrate(% E6) Model 1 −0.0152 −0.0043 − 0.0024 0.0014 0.0028 −0.0040 − 0.0010 − 0.0005 0.0043 0.0042
Model 2 −0.0019 0.0007 0.0040 0.0024 0.0173 −0.0066 0.0003 −0.0050 0.0036 0.0164

a Model 1 included energy intake and macronutrient composition in the quantile regression model to investigate the association with BMI. b Model 2 adjusted for age (18-44y and 45-64y), education (primary/illiterate, junior and high school/above), income (low, medium and high), region (urban/rural) and physical activity (low, medium and high), current smoker (yes/no), current drinker (yes/no).c ***, ** and * indicate statistical significance at the 1, 5 and 10% level, respectively. % E4, 5, 6 means the percentage of energy intake from fat, protein and carbohydrate, respectively