Table 3.

Multivariate logistic regression parameter estimates for COPD

Outcome	Odds ratios (95% confidence interval)	p value
COPD
Age, per 5 years	1.24 (0.92, 1.67)	0.15
Sex, male	0.45 (0.13, 1.85)	0.30
HIV-positive	0.52 (0.17, 1.62)	0.26
Ever smoked1	1.16 (0.29, 4.62)	0.83
Poverty2	3.12 (0.87, 11.7)	0.08

COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, FEV₁/FVC < 0.7

¹Current and former smokers combined

²Patients in the lowest socioeconomic position quintile vs. the patients in all other socioeconomic position quintiles