Table 1.
Results of representative studies of salvage chemotherapy in R/R ALL.
| Study | Thomas et al.1 | Fielding et al.2 | Oriol et al.4 | Gokbuget et al.5 | Kozlowski et al.6 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 314 | 609 | 263 | 547 | 71 |
| CR (%) | 31 | NA | 45 | 42 | 52 |
| Early death (%) | 21 | NA | 17 | NA | 4 |
| Refractory (%) | 49 | NA | 38 | NA | 44 |
| HSCT in ⩾CR2 (%) | NA | 25 | 30 | 75 | 62 |
| CR duration (median) | 6 months | NA | 6 months | NA | NA |
| OS (median) | 5 months | 24 weeks | 4.5 months | 8.4 months | 9 months |
| OS probability | 3% (5 years) | 7% (5 years) | 10% (5 years) | 24% (3 years) | 15% (5 years) |
| Prognostic factors | Age < 40 years CR1>1 year No blasts in PB |
Age < 20 years CR1 >2 years |
Age < 30 years CR1 >2 years | Age < 25 years CR1>1.5 year Response to 1st/2nd salvage |
Age < 35 years CR1 >1.5 year Response to 1st salvage |
ALL, acute lymphoblastic leukemia; CR, complete response; CR1, first complete response; CR2, second complete response; HSCT, hematopoietic stem cell transplant; N, number of patients; NA, not available; OS, overall survival; R/R, relapsed/refractory.