. 2020 May 19;41(3):542–557. doi: 10.1007/s10834-020-09679-8

Table 5.

Robustness checks with full models

	V	VI
2009 Study
Objective financial know	0.006	0.002
Subjective financial know	0.054***	0.043***
Financial confidence	0.023***	0.014**
Savings account ownership	0.284***	0 .252***
Tjurs R²	0.261	0.349
N	25,094	24,784
2012 Study
Objective financial know	−0.001	0.015
Subjective financial know	0.039***	0.028***
Financial confidence	0.026***	0.017***
Savings account ownership	0.259***	0.221***
Tjurs R²	0.283	0.364
N	22,696	22,446
2015 Study
Objective financial know	0.011*	0.009*
Subjective financial know	0.052***	0.041***
Financial confidence	0.038***	0.024***
Savings account ownership	0.296***	0.262***
Tjurs R²	0.262	0.334
N	24,646	24,340
2018 Study
Objective financial know	0.005	0.002
Subjective financial know	0.058***	0.046***
Financial confidence	0.039***	0.029***
Savings account ownership	0.287***	0.244***
Tjurs R²	0.293	0.367
N	23,972	23,653

Results reflect marginal effects from Probit regression models calculated at sample means, model V added statistically significant income interaction terms model VI added ability to cover expenses and homeownership as additional controls

* p < .05; ** p < .01; *** p < .001