Table 5.
Association between characteristics of the participants and symptoms of anxiety
| Characteristic | n | % | Median | Q3 | Q1 | IQR | Mean rank | p-value | Correlation coefficient | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | ||||||||||
| < 20 | 103 | 36.0 | 20.0 | 29.5 | 11.5 | 18.0 | 156.3 | 0.050 | −0.11 | 0.066 |
| ≥ 20 | 183 | 64.0 | 16.0 | 26.0 | 9.0 | 17.0 | 136.3 | |||
| Gender | ||||||||||
| Male | 112 | 39.2 | 15.5 | 24.0 | 9.8 | 14.3 | 135.0 | 0.163 | 0.08 | 0.198 |
| Female | 174 | 60.8 | 19.0 | 28.0 | 11.0 | 17.0 | 149.0 | |||
| Place of residence (born and raised) | ||||||||||
| City | 198 | 69.2 | 18.0 | 27.0 | 12.0 | 15.0 | 145.6 | 0.434 | −0.02 | 0.774 |
| Village | 82 | 28.7 | 18.0 | 27.0 | 8.0 | 19.0 | 136.0 | |||
| Refugee camp | 6 | 2.1 | 26.0 | 34.8 | 13.5 | 21.3 | 175.0 | |||
| Place of current residence during study of medicine | ||||||||||
| Family home | 150 | 52.4 | 17.5 | 26.5 | 9.0 | 17.5 | 136.3 | 0.120 | 0.07 | 0.267 |
| Dormitory | 136 | 47.6 | 18.0 | 28.3 | 12.0 | 16.3 | 151.5 | |||
| Motives for studying medicine | ||||||||||
| Personal motives | 234 | 81.8 | 18.0 | 26.8 | 10.0 | 16.8 | 138.6 | 0.106 | 0.12 | 0.036 |
| Family motives | 44 | 15.4 | 22.0 | 29.3 | 11.8 | 17.5 | 166.3 | |||
| Undeclared | 8 | 2.8 | 16.5 | 28.8 | 15.0 | 13.8 | 160.8 | |||
| If given a chance, would study medicine again? | ||||||||||
| No | 76 | 26.6 | 17.5 | 27.3 | 12.0 | 15.3 | 146.2 | 0.737 | −0.01 | 0.916 |
| Yes | 210 | 73.4 | 18.0 | 27.0 | 10.0 | 17.0 | 142.5 | |||
| Academic stage | ||||||||||
| Basic (academic years 1–3) | 162 | 56.6 | 21.0 | 30.0 | 12.0 | 18.0 | 158.6 | 0.000 | −0.19 | 0.001 |
| Clinical (academic years 4–6) | 124 | 43.4 | 15.0 | 22.0 | 8.8 | 13.3 | 123.8 | |||
| Grade Point Average (GPA) out of 4 | ||||||||||
| < 3 | 89 | 31.1 | 20.0 | 28.0 | 10.0 | 18.0 | 150.5 | 0.335 | −0.05 | 0.379 |
| > 3 | 197 | 68.9 | 18.0 | 27.0 | 10.0 | 17.0 | 140.3 | |||
| Ever failed a subject during study of medicine | ||||||||||
| No | 213 | 74.5 | 18.0 | 28.0 | 10.0 | 18.0 | 142.8 | 0.795 | 0.02 | 0.678 |
| Yes | 73 | 25.5 | 18.0 | 27.0 | 12.0 | 15.0 | 145.7 | |||
| Mental health status (self-assessed on a Likert-scale of 1–5) | ||||||||||
| 1 | 19 | 6.6 | 29.0 | 35.0 | 23.5 | 11.5 | 214.3 | 0.000 | −0.48 | 0.000 |
| 2 | 59 | 20.6 | 24.0 | 33.0 | 16.0 | 17.0 | 188.6 | |||
| 3 | 89 | 31.1 | 21.0 | 28.0 | 13.0 | 15.0 | 155.7 | |||
| 4 | 94 | 32.9 | 12.0 | 19.0 | 8.0 | 11.0 | 106.6 | |||
| 25 | 8.7 | 6.0 | 16.0 | 4.0 | 12.0 | 78.5 | ||||
| Ever attempted suicide | ||||||||||
| No | 273 | 95.5 | 18.0 | 27.0 | 10.0 | 17.0 | 140.7 | 0.009 | 0.15 | 0.014 |
| Yes | 13 | 4.5 | 27.0 | 31.0 | 22.0 | 9.0 | 201.6 | |||
| Monthly household income in US dollars | ||||||||||
| Low (< 850) | 15 | 5.2 | 28.0 | 35.0 | 20.5 | 14.5 | 194.8 | 0.044 | −0.11 | 0.065 |
| Medium (850–1400) | 90 | 31.5 | 18.5 | 26.0 | 11.0 | 15.0 | 143.5 | |||
| High (> 1400) | 181 | 63.3 | 17.0 | 27.0 | 10.0 | 17.0 | 139.3 | |||
| Financial status (self-assessed on a Likert-scale of 1–5) | ||||||||||
| 1 | 4 | 1.4 | 18.5 | 25.5 | 15.8 | 9.8 | 170.4 | 0.016 | −0.19 | 0.001 |
| 2 | 24 | 8.4 | 27.5 | 31.5 | 17.5 | 14.0 | 192.0 | |||
| 3 | 96 | 33.6 | 19.0 | 27.0 | 11.0 | 16.0 | 148.9 | |||
| 4 | 105 | 36.7 | 16.0 | 25.0 | 9.0 | 16.0 | 134.6 | |||
| 5 | 57 | 19.9 | 16.0 | 25.0 | 7.0 | 18.0 | 128.5 | |||
| Marital status | ||||||||||
| Single | 277 | 96.9 | 18.0 | 27.0 | 10.0 | 17.0 | 143.0 | 0.533 | 0.04 | 0.534 |
| Engaged/Married | 9 | 3.1 | 21.0 | 36.0 | 12.0 | 24.0 | 160.4 | |||
| Social life (self-assessed on a Likert-scale of 1–5) | ||||||||||
| 1 | 9 | 3.1 | 24.0 | 25.0 | 21.0 | 4.0 | 177.8 | 0.000 | −0.25 | 0.000 |
| 2 | 33 | 11.5 | 27.0 | 35.0 | 16.0 | 19.0 | 194.3 | |||
| 3 | 74 | 25.9 | 20.0 | 30.0 | 11.3 | 18.8 | 155.0 | |||
| 4 | 96 | 33.6 | 16.0 | 24.0 | 9.0 | 15.0 | 131.5 | |||
| 5 | 74 | 25.9 | 15.0 | 23.0 | 6.3 | 16.8 | 120.7 | |||
| Religious commitment (self-assessed on a Likert-scale of 1–5) | ||||||||||
| 1 | 26 | 9.1 | 18.5 | 30.0 | 14.3 | 15.8 | 167.0 | 0.143 | −0.13 | 0.030 |
| 2 | 41 | 14.3 | 19.0 | 26.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 153.5 | |||
| 3 | 114 | 39.9 | 18.0 | 28.0 | 11.0 | 17.0 | 147.9 | |||
| 4 | 96 | 33.6 | 15.0 | 27.3 | 7.0 | 20.3 | 130.9 | |||
| 5 | 9 | 3.1 | 13.0 | 22.0 | 3.0 | 19.0 | 108.7 | |||
Q1 1st quartile, Q3 3rd quartile, IQR: interquartile range