Table 2.

Kinetic parameters of ethanol production from 100 g/l glucose in the presence of inhibitory substances at 42 °C

Inhibitors [29]	Time (h)	Ethanol concentration (g/l)	Ethanol yields (% of the theoretical yield)	Ethanol productivity (g/l/h)
Furfural
10	16	29.0 ± 1.6	56.8 ± 3.1	1.8 ± 0.1
	40	37.5 ± 4.3	73.4 ± 8.4	0.9 ± 0.1
	72	36.3 ± 3.8	71.0 ± 7.4	0.5 ± 0.1
20	16	29.0 ± 1.2	56.8 ± 2.3	1.8 ± 0.1
	40	35.6 ± 0.8	69.7 ± 1.6	0.9 ± 0.0
	72	31.7 ± 1.3	62.0 ± 2.5	0.4 ± 0.0
30	16	17.8 ± 2.0	34.8 ± 3.9	1.1 ± 0.1
	40	26.8 ± 2.9	52.4 ± 5.7	0.7 ± 0.1
	72	28.1 ± 1.0	55.0 ± 2.0	0.4 ± 0.0
Acetic acid
40	16	28.4 ± 0.9	55.6 ± 1.8	1.8 ± 0.1
	40	41.2 ± 0.8	80.6 ± 1.6	1.0 ± 0.0
	72	37.8 ± 4.7	74.0 ± 9.2	0.5 ± 0.1
50	16	27.3 ± 1.7	53.4 ± 3.3	1.7 ± 0.1
	40	35.3 ± 3.1	69.1 ± 6.1	0.9 ± 0.1
	72	39.9 ± 1.1	78.1 ± 2.2	0.6 ± 0.0
70	16	23.1 ± 2.4	45.2 ± 4.7	1.4 ± 0.2
	40	32.4 ± 1.7	63.4 ± 3.3	0.8 ± 0.0
	72	32.6 ± 1.7	63.8 ± 3.3	0.5 ± 0.0
Formic acid
25	16	36.1 ± 1.2	70.6 ± 2.3	2.3 ± 0.1
	40	33.4 ± 2.5	65.4 ± 4.9	0.8 ± 0.1
	72	32.8 ± 3.9	64.2 ± 7.6	0.5 ± 0.1
35	16	28.8 ± 1.5	56.4 ± 2.9	1.8 ± 0.1
	40	34.2 ± 1.0	66.9 ± 2.0	0.9 ± 0.0
	72	32.6 ± 2.6	63.8 ± 5.1	0.5 ± 0.0
45	16	20.3 ± 1.1	39.7 ± 2.2	1.3 ± 0.1
	40	27.7 ± 3.5	54.2 ± 6.8	0.7 ± 0.1
	72	32.0 ± 1.8	62.6 ± 3.5	0.4 ± 0.0

Data are presented as the mean ± SD of the results from three biological replicates