Table 1.
Enzyme inhibition biosensors reported for pesticides detection on screen-printed electrodes.
| Electrode | Enzyme | Analyte | Lineal Range | LoD | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SPGE (array) | AChE | Carbaryl Heptenophos Fenitrothion Dichlorvos Phosphamide |
0.8 nM–2.4 µM | 0.80 nM 9.2 nM 85 nM 77 nM 130 nM |
[74] |
| BChE | Carbaryl Heptenophos Fenitrothion Dichlorvos Phosphamide |
93 nM 2.8 nM 6.9 nM 14 nM 2390 nM |
|||
| Thick-film SPCE | Tyr | Diethyldithio carbamate | – | 2 µM | [79] |
| SPCE | AChE | Dichlorvos Monocrotophs Parathion |
16–28 nM | 18.1 nM 26.4 nM 14.4 nM |
[104] |
| PB/SPCE | AChE | Aldicarb Carbaryl |
63–315 nM 124–497 nM |
63 nM 124 nM |
[105] |
| BChE | Paraoxon Chlorpyrifos-methyl oxon |
7–18 nM 1.6–6 nM |
7 nM 1.6 nM |
||
| PEDOT:PSS/SPGE | AChE | Chlorpyrifos-oxon | 4–760 nM | 4.4 nM | [106] |
| TCNQ/SPGE | AChE | Aldicarb Carbaryl Carbofuran Methomyl |
10–500 nM 5–500 nM 1–750 nM 2.5–700 nM |
8 nM 4 nM 1 nM 2 nM |
[107] |
| CoPc/SWCNTs/ SPCE | AChE | Paraoxon Malaoxon |
18–181 nM 6–159 nM |
11 nM 6 nM |
[108] |
| GA/ZnONPs/ SPCE | Tyr | Chlortoluron | 1–100 nM | 0.47 nM | [109] |
| Fe3O4/GR/SPCE | AChE | Chlorpyrifos | 0.14–285 nM | 0.06 nM | [110] |
| Al2O3/SPCE | AChE | Dichlorvos | 1–60 µM | 0.8 µM | [111] |
| CB/CoPc/SPCE | BChE | Paraoxon | Up to 100 nM | 18 nM | [112] |
| CoPc/SPCE | AChE | Organophosphates | 10−5–10−9 M | – | [113] |
| Cyst/GA/AuSPE | AChE | Paraoxon | Up to 145 nM | 7.3 nM | [114] |
| CoPc/CGCE | Tyr | Methyl parathion Diazinon Carbofuran Carbaryl |
22.8–379.9 nM 62.4–164.3 nM 22.6–406.8 nM 49.7–248.5 nM |
– | [115] |
| Nf/SPGE | BChE | Trichlorfon Coumaphos |
4 × 10−7–8 × 10−7 M 2 × 10−7–5.5 × 10−6 M |
3.5 × 10-7 M 1.5 × 10-7 M |
[116] |
| PB/SPGE | ChO | Paraoxon | 0.1–1 µM | 0.1 µM | [117] |
| DEP-Au chips | AChE | Paraoxon Carbofuran |
– | 36.3 nM 36.1 nM |
[118] |
| GA/IrOxNPs/ SPCE | Tyr | Chlorpyrifos | 0.01–0.1 µM | 3 nM | [119] |
| SPCE | AChE | Chlorpyrifos | 1 × 10−6–5 × 10−2 M | 5 µM | [120] |
| DCHP/MWCNT/SPCE | AChE | Chlorpyrifos | 0.14–2.85 nM | 0.14 nM | [121] |
| Nf/PB/DSPCE | AChE | Isocarbophos Chlorpyrifos Trochlorfon |
0.33–16.72 µM | 0.33 µM | [122] |
| SPCE | AChE | Permethrin | 6.2–41 µM | 8.1 µM | [123] |
| Cu3(PO4)2/HNFs/ SPCE | AChE/ ChO | Paraoxon | 2.18 × 10−5–2.18 nM | 21.8 fM | [124] |
| GA/Nf/BSA/ CBNPs/SPGE | BChE | Paraoxon | 18.2–109 nM | 18.2 nM | [125] |
| Nf/PB/ZrO2/ CNT/SPCE | GMP-AChE | Dimethoate | 0.004–43.6 nM | 2 pM | [126] |
| TCNQ/SPCE | BChE | Chlorpyrifos-methyl Coumaphos Carbofuran |
3 × 10−8–3 × 10−7 M 1 × 10−7–4 × 10−6 M 3 × 10−8–1 × 10−7 M |
20nM 50 nM 10 nM |
[127] |
| PB/SPCE | AChE/ ChO | Chlorpyrifos-methyl Carbofuran |
4 × 10−8–5 × 10−7 M 1 × 10−8–1 × 10−7 M |
30 nM 8 nM |
[127] |
| MWCNTs/SnO2/ CHIT/SPCE | AChE | Chlorpyrifos | 0.14–2.85 × 103 nM | < 0.14 nM | [128] |
| CS/PVA NFM/SPCE | AChE | Pirimiphos-methyl oxon | 1 × 10−10–8 × 10−9 M | 0.2 nM | [129] |
| OMC-CHIT/ Fe3O4-CS/SPCE | AChE | Methamidophos Chlorpyrifos |
– | 7.09 nM 0.14 nM |
[130] |
| SPSE | AChE | Chlorpyrifos | 0–71.3 nM | 7.13 nM | [131] |
| CS/CB/SPCE | AChE | Paraoxon | 0.36–1.82 nM | 0.18 nM | |
| MWCNT/SPCE | AChE | Paraoxon | Up to 6.9 nM | 0.5 nM | [132] |
| ZnO/SPCE | AChE | Paraoxon | Up to 5 µM | 0.13 µM | [133] |
| SPGE | AChE | Chlorpyrifos ethyl oxon | 0–2 × 10−8 M 5 × 10−8–2 × 10−7 M |
3.6 pM | [134] |
| MWCNT/IL/ SPCE | AChE | Chlorpyrifos | 0.14–2.85 × 105 nM | 0.14 nM | [135] |
| PBNCs/rGO/ SPCE | AChE | Monocrotophos | 4.5–2688 nM | 0.45 nM | [136] |
| TCNQ/SPGE | AChE | Carbaryl Carbofuran Pirimicard |
Up to 5 × 10−7 M Up to 1 × 10−7 M Up to 5 × 10−7 M |
10 nM 0.8 nM 0.2 nM |
[137] |
| CoPc/SPCE | AChE | Carbofuran | 10−10–10−8 M | 0.5 nM | [138] |
| TCNQ/Nf/SPGE | AChE | Chlorpyrifos methyl | 3–930 nM | 68 nM | [139] |
| TCNQ/BSA/GA/ SPCE | AChE | Paraoxon | 1.8 × 10−7–5.4 × 10−5 M | 0.18 µM | [140] |
| TCNQ/Nf/SPCE | AChE | Carbaryl Parathion methyl |
9.9–447.3 nM 3.8–379.9 nM |
9.9 nM 3.8 nM |
[141] |
| CoPc/SPCE | AChE | Dichlorvos Parathion Azinphos |
1 × 10−17–1 × 10−4 M 1 × 10−16–1 × 10−4 M 1 × 10−16–1 × 10−4 M |
fM 0.1 fM 0.1 fM |
[142] |
SPGE: Screen-printed graphite electrode; PB: Prussian Blue; PEDOT: Poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene); PSS: Poly(styrene sulfonate); TCNQ:7,7’,8,8’-Tetracyanoquinodimethane; GR: Graphene; Cyst: Cysteamine; GA: Glutaraldehyde; AuSPE: Screen-printed gold electrode; CGCE: Acetylcelullose-graphite composite electrode; Nf: Nafion; ChO: Choline oxidase; DEP: Disposable electrochemical printed; DCHP: Dicyclohexyl phthalate; DSPCE: Dual-channel screen-printed carbon electrode; GMP-AChE: Gold magnetic particles-Acetylcholinesterase; HNF: Hybrid nanoflowers; CBNP: Carbon black nanoparticles; CNT: Carbon nanotube; CHIT: Chitosan; PVA: Poly (vinyl alcohol); NFM: nanofibrous membranes; OMC-CHIT: ordered mesoporous carbon–chitosan; SPSE: Screen-printed silver electrode; IL: Ionic liquid; PBNC: Prussian Blue Nanocubes; rGO: reduced Graphene Oxide; BSA: Bovine Serum Albumin.