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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 May 19.
Published in final edited form as: J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2019 May;47(5):791–799. doi: 10.1007/s10802-018-0480-0

Table 3:

Phenotypic, genetic and environmental correlations between aggression, rule-breaking behavior and sleep measures from the bivariate analyses

Phenotypes (model) Phenotypic
correlation
rG rC rE
Aggression with
Sleep less than most kids (AE) 0.38 0.64 (0.50, 0.80) * −0.27 (−0.51, 0.01
Nightmares (AE) 0.28 0.40 (0.30, 0.51) * 0.02 (−0.14, 0.18)
Overtired (AE) 0.42 0.58 (0.42, 0.76) * 0.02 (−0.29, 0.36)
Sleep more than most kids (AE) 0.17 0.42 (0.24, 0.63) * −0.47 (−0.70, −0.16)
Talks or walks (AE) 0.15 0.27 (0.15, 0.38) * −0.10 (−0.27, 0.08)
Trouble sleeping (AE) 0.34 0.56 (0.41, 0.74) * −0.01 (−0.19, 0.19)
Rule-Breaking with
Sleep less than most kids (ACE) 0.32 0.24 (−0.07, 0.49) 1 (0.58, 1) −0.03 (−0.30, 0.25)
Nightmares (ACE) 0.27 0.06 (−0.27, 0.42) 0.99 (0.37, 1) 0.09 (−0.08, 0.26)
Overtired (ACE) 0.36 0.13 (−0.54, 0.44) 1 (0.45, 1) 0.28 (−0.04, 0.60)
Sleep more than most kids (AE) 0.23 0.40 (0.25, 0.57) * −0.30 (−0.57, 0.02)
Talks or walks (ACE) 0.17 0.01 (−0.31, 0.27) 1 (0.36, 1) −0.01 (−0.18, 0.18)
Trouble sleeping (ACE) 0.23 0.46 (0.18, 0.84) 1 (−1, 1) −0.25 (−0.44, −0.05)

rC: shared environment correlation; rE: non-shared environmental correlation: rG: genetic correlation. Bold text indicates significant results.