TABLE 2.
Clinical and biological factors associated with progression of systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease (ILD)#
| Predictive factor | First author, year [ref.] | |
| Disease status | Diffuse cutaneous sclerosis | Nihtyanova, 2014 [34] |
| Biomarkers | IL-6 CRP CCL2 CCL18 CXCL4 KL-6 SP-D Anti-topoisomerase I Anti-CXCR3 Anti-CXCR4 |
De Lauretis, 2013 [22] Liu, 2013 [75] Ross, 2018 [76] Wu, 2017 [97] Tiev, 2011 [71] Schupp, 2014 [73] Elhai, 2019 [72] van Bon, 2014 [98] Kuwana, 2016 [78] Salazar, 2018 [79] Yamakawa, 2017 [77] Assassi, 2010 [69] Nihtyanova, 2014 [34] Weigold, 2018 [70] Volkmann, 2019 [80] Volkmann, 2016 [99] |
| Demographic | African American ethnicity Advanced age |
Assassi, 2010 [69] Al Sheikh 2019 [33] Ahmed, 2014 [67] |
| Pulmonary function tests | Low baseline FVC Low baseline DLCO |
Steen, 1994 [100] Morgan, 2003 [101] Plastiras, 2006 [102] Nihtyanova, 2014 [34] Ahmed, 2014 [67] |
| Imaging | Extent of ILD on HRCT |
Goh, 2008 [41] Khanna, 2011 [64] Moore, 2013 [65] Ariani, 2017 [103] |
IL: interleukin; CRP: C-reactive protein; CCL: chemokine ligand; KL: Krebs von den Lungen; SP: surfactant protein; FVC: forced vital capacity; DLCO: diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide; HRCT: high-resolution computed tomography. #: worsening of pulmonary function.