Table 4.

Univariate analysis of perioperative factors and mortality within one year after lung resection surgery

Variables	HR (95% CI)	p
Aetiology (neoplastic)	2.96 (0.69–12.70)	0.145
Age (years)	1 (0.97–1.03)	0.950
Pack-years	1 (0.98–1.02)	0.948
Surgery
Segmentectomy	(Reference)
Lobectomy	0.43 (0.13–1.44)	0.173
Bi-lobectomy	3.15 (1.09–9.07)	0.034*
Pneumonectomy	1.73 (0.46–6.54)	0.416
Video-assisted thoracoscopy technique	0.48 (0.2–1.16)	0.103
Hypertension	1.24 (0.52–3)	0.628
Coronary artery disease	3.18 (0.43–23.73)	0.259
Diabetes mellitus	1.01 (0.3–3.42)	0.992
Previous radiotherapy	1.69 (0.57–5.03)	0.345
Previous chemotherapy	2.56 (1.03–6.33)	0.043*
Metabolic equivalence (MET)
< 4	2.17 (0.73–6.41)	0.162
≥ 4	(Reference)	0.858
Time of surgery	1.14 (0.86–1.51)	0.353
Length of hospital stay	1.02 (1–1.04)	0.015*
Length of ICU stay	1.17 (1.08–1.26)	< 0.001*
EMAPO score
Low (< 5) (reference)
Moderate (6–10)	1.11 (0.32–3.82)	0.872
High (11 to 15)	19.07 (2.36–153.93)	0.006*
Very high (> 15)	12.88 (2.85–58.22)	0.001*
ACP score	0.61 (0.08–4.56)	0.632
Intraoperative arrhythmias	3.97 (1.54–10.25)	0.004*
Intraoperative haemodynamic changes	3.63 (1.54–8.55)	0.003*
Intraoperative blood transfusion	3.29 (1.28–8.49)	0.026*
Troponin level in the immediate postoperative period (D1)
< 0.16 ng/ml	(Reference)
0.16–0.31 ng/ml	2.19 (0.8–6.05)	0.129
≥ 0.32 ng/ml	5.15 (1.73–15.33)	0.003*
Troponin in 1st PO (D2)
< 0.16 ng/ml	(Reference)
0.16–0.31 ng/ml	2.92 (1.06–8.05)	0.039*
≥ 0.32 ng/ml	8.17 (2.74–24.33)	< 0.001*
Troponin in the 2nd PO (D3)
< 0.16 ng/ml	(Reference)
0.16–0.31 ng/ml	2.43 (0.91–6.54)	0.077
≥ 0.32 ng/ml	6.31 (2.11–18.85)	0.001*
Elevated troponin (≥0.16 ng/ml) for at least 1 day	4.71 (1.58–13.99)	0.005*

*p < 0.05