Table 1. Socio-demographic characteristics of prison inmates (number and frequency) in East Wollega Zone (𝑛 = 352), 2019.
| Variable | Response | Number (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Sex | Male | 306(86.9) |
| Female | 46(13.1) | |
| Age in years | ≤ 24 | 194(55.1) |
| 25–44 | 113(32.1) | |
| ≥45 | 45(12.8) | |
| Marital status | Single | 195(56.4) |
| Married | 150(43.4) | |
| Divorced | 1(0.2) | |
| Ethnicity | Oromo | 309(88.1) |
| Amhara | 38(10.8) | |
| Other | 4(1.1) | |
| Religion | Protestant Christian | 209(59.7) |
| Orthodox Christian | 107(30.6) | |
| Muslim | 30(8.6) | |
| Other | 4(1.1) | |
| Educational status | Illiterate | 85(24.2) |
| Primary school | 145(41.3) | |
| Secondary school | 101(28.8) | |
| Tertiary school | 20(5.7) | |
| Occupation before imprisonment | Government employed | 14(4.0) |
| Farmers | 149(42.5) | |
| Self-employed | 38(10.8) | |
| Student | 139(39.6) | |
| House wife | 11(3.1) | |
| Residence place before arrested | Rural | 232(66.3) |
| Urban | 118(33.7) | |
| Smoking | Yes | |
| No | 265(75.5) | |
| Chewing khat | Yes | |
| No | 259(73.6) | |
| Pre-incarceration alcoholism | Yes | 187(53.1) |
| No | 165(46.9) | |
| Use of inhaled/ injected drugs | Yes | 24(7.0) |
| No | 317(93.0) | |
| Imprisoned previously | Yes | 7(2.0) |
| No | 344(98.0) | |
| Length of incarceration in current prison, months | ≤12 | 200(57.1) |
| >12 | 150(42.9) | |
| Number of prisoners per cell | ≤100 | 96(27.9) |
| >100 | 248(72.1) | |
| Attitude to cell hygiene | Very good | 7(2.0) |
| Good | 106(30.1) | |
| Bad | 125(35.5) | |
| Very bad | 114(32.4) | |
| Sharing of utensils | Yes | 255(73.5) |
| No | 92(26.5) | |
| TB contact history | Yes | 217(61.6) |
| No | 135(38.4) | |
| Place of TB contact | Inside the prison | 290(88.1) |
| Outside the prison | 39(11.9) | |
| Known TB patient in same cell? | Yes | 200(58.5) |
| No | 142(41.5) | |
| Chronically coughing person in same cell? | Yes | 235(67.7) |
| No | 112(32.3) | |
| Health status | Sick | 148(46.1) |
| Health | 173(53.9) | |
| BCG scare | Yes | 127(36.3) |
| No | 223(63.7) | |
| Have you ever homeless before arrested? | Yes | 41(12.1) |
| No | 298(87.9) | |
| Hospitalization history | Yes | 61(17.6) |
| No | 285(82.4) | |
| Currently using antibiotic for any illness | Yes | 50(14.5) |
| No | 295(85.5) | |
| BMI | <18.5 | 43(12.3) |
| 18.5–24.99 | 268(76.8) | |
| >25 | 38(10.9) |
BMI; Body Mass Index, TB; Tuberculosis; BCG; Bacillus Calmette–Guérin