Table 1.

Characteristics of EMTALA-related Civil Monetary Penalty Settlements, 2002 to 2018

	Psychiatric	Nonpsychiatric	p-value	Statistical test
Total number	44	186
Settlement (mean dollars)	$85,488	$32,004	0.003	t-test
Settlement against physician	0 (0)	8 (4)	0.036	Fisher’s exact test
Minor involved	6 (14)	24 (13)	0.897	Pearson chi-square
Failure to provide MSE	37 (84)	137 (74)	0.147	Pearson chi-square
Failure to stabilize	30 (68)	95 (51)	0.041	Pearson chi-square
Failure to arrange transfer	13 (30)	40 (22)	0.363	Pearson chi-square
Failure to accept transfer	6 (14)	28 (15)	0.812	Pearson chi-square
On-call failed to respond	0 (0)	14 (8)	0.078	Fisher’s exact test
CMS region			0.456	Fisher’s exact test
1	1 (2)	5 (3)
2	0 (0)	8 (4)
3	3 (7)	1 (1)
4	15 (34)	80 (43)
5	4 (9)	20 (11)
6	8 (18)	20 (11)
7	2 (5)	25 (13)
8	0 (0)	6 (3)
9	5 (11)	27 (15)
10	0 (0)	0 (0)

Data are reported as n (%).

CMS = Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services; EMTALA = Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act; MSE = medical screening examination.