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. 2019 Oct 31;12(3):2148. doi: 10.4022/jafib.2148

Table 2. Echocardiographic characteristics of patients.

*p <0.05 paroxysmal vs. persistent AF; †p <0.05; paroxysmal vs. permanent AF; ‡ p <0.05 persistent vs. permanent Data are presented as mean ± SD, median (quartile range), and number (percentage) unless otherwise stated. Abbreviations: LAVI, left atrial volume indexed to Body Surface Area; LA enlargement, LAVI >34 ml/m2; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MAPSE, mitral annular plane systolic excursion; EDT, E-wave deceleration time; E, peak velocity of early filling; Septal e', peak early diastolic septal mitral annular velocity by pulsed tissue Doppler; Lateral e', peak early diastolic lateral mitral annular velocity; Mean e', mean mitral annular peak early diastolic velocity; RV S', peak systolic velocity of the tricuspid annulus; TAPSE, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion.

Whole group n=58 Paroxysmal AF n=16 Persistent AF n=14 Permanent AF n=28 p value
LVEF (%) 56 (50-60) 60 (60-65) 55 (45-62) 55 (50-60) 0.01
LAVI (ml/m2) 47.5 (35.7-53.8) 35.5 (34.1-36.7) 47.7 (43.1-53.4) 51.4 (44.1-55.4) 0.003
LA enlargement, n (%) 45 (76.2) 11 (78.6) 9 (81.8) 25 (92.6) 0.39
MAPSE (mm) 12 (9.7-16) 16 (11-10) 8 (10-13) 10 (12-14) 0.09
EDT (ms) 178 (148-232) 232 (176-246) 208 (148-229) 150 (144-180) 0.02
E (cm/s) 90.2 ± 23.2 77.4 ± 5.6 100.6 ± 6.5 94.4 ± 4.7 0.02
Septal e'(cm/s) 8.4 ± 3.0 7.7 ±0.8 8.5 ± 1.0 9.1 ± 0.7 0.45
Lateral e'(cm/s) 11.5 ± 3.8 10.4 ± 1.0 10.5 ± 1.1 12.9 ± 0.9 0.10
E/septal e' 11.9 (8.3-13.3) 8.1 (7.6-11.8) 13.2 (10.6-14.1) 12.0 (9.0-13.3) 0.07
E/lateral e' 9.3 (5.7-10.2) 8.0 (5.7-10.1) 10.2 (7.0-12.0) 8.9 (5.6-9.9) 0.09
E/mean e' 10.3 ± 3.6 9.7 ± 3.5 12.2 ± 4.6 9.7 ± 2.8 0.16
RV S' (cm/s) 12.1 ± 3.2 13.3 ± 1.0 12.1 ± 1.0 11.4 ±0.8 0.34
TAPSE (mm) 20 (17-24) 23 (20-30) 20 (17-25) 18 (17-22) 0.24