Table 4.
Baseline Characteristics of Participants (n=174)
| Control | Intervention | |
|---|---|---|
| Sex | ||
| Male, n (%) | 67 (75.3) | 65 (76.5) |
| Female, n (%) | 22 (24.7) | 20 (23.5) |
| Age, years | 66.31±7.91 | 65.53±6.64 |
| Education | ||
| Primary or lower, n (%) | 33 (37.1) | 29 (34.1) |
| Middle school, n (%) | 36 (40.4) | 34 (40.0) |
| High school or higher, n (%) | 22 (25.9) | 20 (22.5) |
| Smoking Status | ||
| Current smoker, n (%) | 20 (22.5) | 20 (23.5) |
| Ex-smoker, n (%) | 35 (39.3) | 39 (45.9) |
| Nonsmoker, n (%) | 34 (38.2) | 26 (30.6) |
| COPD length (years) | 6.97±4.23 | 7.46±5.03 |
| Stage of COPD | ||
| 2 | 30 | 33 |
| 3 | 36 | 36 |
| 4 | 20 | 19 |
| Comorbidities | ||
| None | 16 | 15 |
| 1–2 | 48 | 48 |
| 3 or above | 25 | 22 |
| mMRC | 2.21±0.67 | 2.05±0.63 |
| CAT | 23.96±3.58 | 24.05±3.82 |
| 6MWD | 382.49±42.27 | 372.55±41.57 |
| FEV1 | 1.15±0.47 | 1.29±0.44 |
| FVC | 1.82±0.56 | 1.89±0.57 |
| FEV1% predicted | 44.05±12.71 | 46.37±10.69 |
| Self-management | 125.81±16,967.54 | 122.92±20.34 |
| Admission times | 2 (1–2) | 2 (1–2) |
| Admission days | 16 (11–24) | 16 (11–22. 5) |
| ED visits | 0 (0–2) | 1 (0–2) |
| Admission costs | 12,897.50 (9,953.00–20,020.43) | 11,585.50 (8,347.25–20,930.50) |
| ED-visit costs | 0 (0–723.50) | 524.00 (0–928.00) |
| Outpatient costs | 700.00 (178.95–1,816.55) | 673.90 (200.00–1,858.00) |
| Total medical costs | 15,162.00 (10,297.36–22,183.10) | 14,106.54 (9,475.00–23,269.05) |