Table 3.
Evolution of NEC associated co-morbidities of prematurity according to NEC diagnosis and treatment.
| 2005–2008 | 2009–2011 | 2012–2014 | 2015–2017 | p | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BPD | No NEC | 16.2 (799/4926) | 16.3 (646/3955) | 17.9 (765/4275) | 15.7 (540/3443) | 0.048 |
| Non-surgical | 22.6 (51/226) | 28.4 (36/127) | 35.1 (40/114) | 27.5 (25/91) | 0.107 | |
| Surgical | 41 (87/212) | 38.1 (91/239) | 32.3 (83/257) | 40.9 (85/208) | 0.162 | |
| LONS | No NEC | 34 (1940/5710) | 33.6 (1609/4792) | 31.9 (1558/4879) | 28.9 (1233/4270) | <0.001 |
| Non-surgical | 58.5 (179/306) | 57.1 (101/177) | 65.9 (81/123) | 59 (69/117) | 0.450 | |
| Surgical | 70.1 (223/318) | 64.1 (209/326) | 61.1 (218/357) | 69 (207/300) | 0.047 | |
| cPVL | No NEC | 2.2 (159/7182) | 2.7 (149/5487) | 2.1 (119/5678) | 2.3 (105/4606) | 0.151 |
| Non-surgical | 3.3 (12/367) | 5.2 (10/193) | 6.2 (9/145) | 4.7 (6/127) | 0.423 | |
| Surgical | 6 (21/349) | 7.3 (25/343) | 4.8 (18/374) | 9.7 (29/300) | 0.088 | |
| ROP | No NEC | 25 (1368/5463) | 21.8 (979/4482) | 22.2 (1047/4725) | 21 (836/3988) | <0.001 |
| Non-surgical | 36.7 (91/248) | 27.2 (40/147) | 38.7 (48/124) | 30.7 (31/101) | 0.135 | |
| Surgical | 50 (102/204) | 45.1 (116/257) | 37.9 (105/277) | 44.8 (100/223) | 0.061 | |
| AKI | No NEC | 7.8 (502/6436) | 8.3 (435/5273) | 6.5 (345/5299) | 6.4 (297/4641) | <0.001 |
| Non-surgical | 21.1 (70/332) | 12.8 (24/187) | 14.7 (19/129) | 10.9 (14/128) | 0.020 | |
| Surgical | 28.2 (86/305) | 27.7 (92/332) | 24.8 (90/363) | 26 (79/304) | 0.734 |
Data are percentage (n/n of patients with valid data). p values are Fisher exact test (bold indicates statistical significance considered as p < 0.05). BPD, bronchopulmonary dysplasia as oxygen at 36 weeks postmenstrual age; LONS, late-onset sepsis; cPVL, cystic periventricular leukomalacia; ROP, retinopathy of prematurity; AKI, acute kidney injury; NEC, necrotizing enterocolitis.