Table 1.
No. (%) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Baseline Characteristics | Derivation Set (n = 812) | Validation Set (n = 246) | p |
Time, year | 2016 | 2017 | |
Mortality | 207 (26%) | 124 (50%) | 0.41 |
Maternal Age, year | 0.72 | ||
< 20 | 54 (8%) | 19 (8%) | |
21–29 | 452 (65%) | 150 (66%) | |
≥ 30 | 186 (27%) | 59 (26%) | |
Parity | 0.30 | ||
1 | 409 (51%) | 132 (54%) | |
≥ 2 | 400 (49%) | 111 (46%) | |
Admission Age, hour | 0.05 | ||
≤ 1 | 431 (53%) | 113 (46%) | |
> 1 | 381 (47%) | 133 (54%) | |
Sex | 0.75 | ||
Male | 488 (60%) | 145 (59%) | |
Female | 325 (40%) | 101 (41%) | |
Gestational Age, weeks | 0.25 | ||
≥ 37 weeks | 532 (66%) | 150 (61%) | |
32–36 weeks | 193 (24%) | 56 (23%) | |
< 32 weeks | 87 (11%) | 40 (16%) | |
Birthweight, grams | 0.03 | ||
≥ 2500 | 465 (57%) | 127 (52%) | |
1500–2499 | 263 (32%) | 77 (31%) | |
< 1500 | 84 (10%) | 42 (17%) | |
Onset of Labor | 0.09 | ||
Spontaneous | 666 (94%) | 205 (91%) | |
Induced | 40 (6%) | 20 (9%) | |
Duration of labor, mean (SD), hours | 11.8 (9.7) | 11.9 (10.8) | 0.84 |
Rupture of membranes, mean (SD), hours | 9.8 (31.2) | 19.2 (77.6) | 0.02 |
Delivery | 0.03 | ||
Vaginal | 572 (70%) | 191 (78%) | |
C-Section | 240 (30%) | 55 (22%) | |
Antenatal Care | 764 (94%) | 234 (95%) | 0.68 |
Maternal HIV positive | 29 (4%) | 10 (4%) | 0.77 |
1st Minute APGAR, mean (SD) | 6.5 (1.5) | 5.9 (1.8) | < 0.001 |
5th Minute APGAR, mean (SD) | 7.7 (1.5) | 7.2 (1.7) | < 0.001 |
Suctioned at Delivery | 161 (20%) | 60 (24%) | 0.12 |
Bag & Mask at Delivery | 138 (17%) | 65 (26%) | < 0.001 |
Intubated at Delivery | 22 (3%) | 3 (1%) | 0.18 |
CPAP used on Admission | 181 (22%) | 83 (34%) | < 0.001 |
Admission Heart Rate | < 0.001 | ||
< 100 | 14 (2%) | 20 (8%) | |
100–160 | 714 (88%) | 202 (82%) | |
> 160 | 84 (10%) | 24 (10%) | |
Admission Respiratory Rate | 0.24 | ||
< 30 | 28 (3%) | 25 (10%) | |
30–60 | 481 (59%) | 128 (52%) | |
> 60 | 303 (37%) | 93 (38%) | |
Admission Temperature, Celsius | 0.38 | ||
< 36.0 | 525 (65%) | 157 (64%) | |
36.0–36.4 | 90 (11%) | 25 (10%) | |
36.5–37.5 | 139 (17%) | 40 (16%) | |
> 37.5 | 58 (7%) | 24 (10%) | |
Admission Respiratory Distress | 0.0047 | ||
None | 396 (49%) | 96 (39%) | |
Mild | 64 (8%) | 20 (8%) | |
Moderate | 233 (29%) | 82 (33%) | |
Severe | 119 (15%) | 48 (20%) | |
Admission Level of Consciousness | < 0.001 | ||
Alert | 677 (84%) | 167 (68%) | |
Irritable | 21 (3%) | 4 (2%) | |
Lethargic | 91 (11%) | 53 (22%) | |
Comatose | 23 (3%) | 22 (9%) | |
Gestational Size | 0.50 | ||
Small for Gestational Age | 263 (32%) | 85 (35%) | |
Appropriate for Gestational Age | 502 (62%) | 149 (61%) | |
Large for Gestational Age | 45 (6%) | 12 (5%) | |
Head Size | 0.84 | ||
Microcephalic | 51 (7%) | 16 (7%) | |
Normocephalic | 447 (61%) | 149 (63%) | |
Macrocephalic | 229 (31%) | 72 (30%) |
APGAR = Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, and Respiration, CPAP = Continuous Positive Airway Pressure
Comparison of sociodemographic and clinical variables between derivation and validation datasets. Percentages may not add to 100% due to rounding, and numbers may not add to the total due to missing values